Role of Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prediction in Type 1 Diabetes: An Overview.

Current drug discovery technologies Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI:10.2174/0115701638319534250314075737

Omkar Janjire, Addepalli Veeranjaneyulu, Shivani Desai, Govind Kale

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Abstract

An autoimmune disorder known as type 1 diabetes (T1D) causes the pancreas to stop pro-ducing insulin. An autoimmune response against beta cells causes this metabolic condition, which is more typically observed in children and young adults and causes a shortage of insulin and hypergly-cemia.T1D development is influenced by a variety of variables, including physiological events, ge-netic, epigenetic, immunologic, and lifestyle variables. Biomarkers like glucose, glycated substances, C-peptides, autoantibodies, and genetic biomarkers can be used to diagnose and predict T1D. Due to the disease's growing incidence worldwide, it is essential to have biomarkers that can diagnose and predict the onset or progression of T1D. In previous years, significant work has been undertaken to find new markers and comprehend the etiology of T1D. In order to analyze proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites, high-throughput and sensitive omics technology has been developed. This has made it possible to profile protein expression and gene modifications in T1D patients on a wide scale. These methods might aid in lowering the morbidity and mortality linked to T1D and its complications.

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生物标志物在1型糖尿病诊断和预测中的作用综述

一种被称为1型糖尿病（T1D）的自身免疫性疾病会导致胰腺停止分泌胰岛素。针对β细胞的自身免疫反应导致这种代谢状况，这在儿童和年轻人中更为典型，并导致胰岛素短缺和高血糖症。T1D的发展受到多种变量的影响，包括生理事件、遗传、表观遗传、免疫和生活方式变量。生物标志物如葡萄糖、糖化物质、c肽、自身抗体和遗传生物标志物可用于诊断和预测T1D。由于该疾病在全球范围内的发病率不断上升，因此有必要拥有能够诊断和预测T1D发病或进展的生物标志物。在过去的几年里，已经进行了重大的工作，以寻找新的标志物和了解T1D的病因。为了分析蛋白质、核酸和代谢物，高通量和敏感的组学技术已经发展起来。这使得在大范围内分析T1D患者的蛋白质表达和基因修饰成为可能。这些方法可能有助于降低与T1D及其并发症相关的发病率和死亡率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Current drug discovery technologies

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