Burden of non-COVID-19 lower respiratory infections in China (1990-2021): a global burden of disease study analysis.

IF 5.8 2区医学 Q1 Medicine

Respiratory Research Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI:10.1186/s12931-025-03197-7

Manyu Li, Zeyu Song, Wenjun Wan, Haiwei Zhou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The assessment of lower respiratory infection (LRI) mortality, incidence, and responsible pathogens in China provides a scientific basis for the prevention and management of LRI, especially for evaluating the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We provide a national estimate of the non-COVID-19 LRI burden and trends on people from 1990 to 2021 based on Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021.

Methods: We estimated China's mortality, incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), risk factors and aetiology attribution for LRI without including COVID-19 by using the estimated data of GBD study 2021. Mortality, incidence, DALYs, risk factors and aetiology were stratified by sex and age. Trends were evaluated using estimated annual percentage change.

Results: In 2021, it is estimated that there were 206930.22 deaths (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 171260.88-251990.47), with all-age mortality rate of 14.54 deaths (95% UI: 12.04-17.71) per 100,000 population. Compared to 2019, the all-age mortality rate had a 3.60% increase. Analyzing risk factors from 1990 to 2021, we found that the percentage of DALYs attributed to tobacco increased from 7.44% (95% UI: 1.26-15.72%) to 22.14% (95% UI: 3.28-38.41%), and that attributable to ambient particulate matter pollution increased from 19.84% (95% UI: 8.79-30.20%) to 32.72% (95% UI: 22.78-41.77%). The leading cause of mortality from LRIs remains Streptococcus pneumoniae from 1990 to 2021. However, the proportions of viral infections decreased. Compared to 2019, the proportion of deaths in 2021 caused by Influenza decreased from 13.03 to 2.70%, and the proportion of deaths due to RSV decreased from 2.21 to 0.41%.

Conclusions: In China, substantial progress has been made in reducing LRI mortality, yet LRIs have remained a threat in China from 1990 to 2021. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the mortality attributable to Influenza and RSV declined. Effective vaccines and treatments targeted at the main pathogens of LRI are important.

Clinical trial number: Not applicable.

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背景：对中国下呼吸道感染（LRI）死亡率、发病率和责任病原体的评估为LRI的预防和管理提供了科学依据，特别是为评估2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的影响提供了科学依据。我们根据 2021 年全球疾病负担（GBD）研究，估算了 1990 年至 2021 年全国非 COVID-19 LRI 患者的负担和趋势：方法：我们利用《2021年全球疾病负担研究》的估算数据，估算了中国不包括COVID-19的低致病性脑脊髓膜炎的死亡率、发病率、残疾调整生命年（DALYs）、危险因素和病因归属。死亡率、发病率、残疾调整生命年、风险因素和病因按性别和年龄分层。使用估计的年度百分比变化对趋势进行评估：2021年，估计死亡人数为206930.22人（95%不确定区间[UI]：171260.88-251990.47），全年龄段死亡率为每10万人死亡14.54人（95%不确定区间[UI]：12.04-17.71）。与2019年相比，全年龄段死亡率上升了3.60%。分析 1990 年至 2021 年的风险因素，我们发现烟草导致的残疾调整寿命年数百分比从 7.44% (95% UI: 1.26-15.72%) 增加到 22.14% (95% UI: 3.28-38.41%)，环境颗粒物污染导致的残疾调整寿命年数百分比从 19.84% (95% UI: 8.79-30.20%) 增加到 32.72% (95% UI: 22.78-41.77%)。从 1990 年到 2021 年，低致病性肺结核的主要死因仍然是肺炎链球菌。不过，病毒感染的比例有所下降。与2019年相比，2021年流感导致的死亡比例从13.03%降至2.70%，RSV导致的死亡比例从2.21%降至0.41%：中国在降低低致病性呼吸道感染死亡率方面取得了重大进展，但从 1990 年到 2021 年，低致病性呼吸道感染在中国仍是一个威胁。在 COVID-19 大流行期间，流感和 RSV 导致的死亡率有所下降。针对 LRI 主要病原体的有效疫苗和治疗方法非常重要：临床试验编号：不适用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Respiratory Research RESPIRATORY SYSTEM-

CiteScore

9.70

自引率

1.70%

发文量

314

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Respiratory Research publishes high-quality clinical and basic research, review and commentary articles on all aspects of respiratory medicine and related diseases. As the leading fully open access journal in the field, Respiratory Research provides an essential resource for pulmonologists, allergists, immunologists and other physicians, researchers, healthcare workers and medical students with worldwide dissemination of articles resulting in high visibility and generating international discussion. Topics of specific interest include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, genetics, infectious diseases, interstitial lung diseases, lung development, lung tumors, occupational and environmental factors, pulmonary circulation, pulmonary pharmacology and therapeutics, respiratory immunology, respiratory physiology, and sleep-related respiratory problems.