Mycochemical analysis and antibacterial activities of aqueous Kulat Pelawan (Heimioporus spp.) mushroom extracts.

Abstract

The bioprospection of Heimioporus spp. has not been extensively explored because of its limited distribution and cultivation. This investigation aims to examine the proximate, mycochemicals, and antibacterial properties of aqueous Heimioporus spp. extracts. The dried mushroom was analyzed for nutritional content quantitatively, and mycochemicals were identified quantitatively. Antimicrobial activities were studied using disc diffusion assays and minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations. Mushroom extracts were produced by maceration at 25°C ± 2°C for 48 h and boiled at 100°C for 30 min to yield cold aqueous extract (CAE) and hot aqueous extract (HAE), respectively, which were then tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Propionibacterium acnes. The mycochemicals were analyzed for their alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins. The study utilized ANOVA and DMRT statistical analysis software, with P < 0.05, to analyze the results. Results showed high protein (30.88%), carbohydrate (47.57%), and fat content (0.61%). The CAE showed higher antibacterial activity than the HAE against E. coli (9.67 ± 0.58 mm) and S. aureus (10.00 ± 0.00 mm) but no antibacterial activity against P. acnes (P < 0.05). The CAE had more mycochemicals than HAE. Results suggested that Heimioporus spp. is a potential functional food with health benefiits, which has high lipid, carbohydrate, and protein content. Its extracts revealed strong antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus but no inhibition against P. acnes.