GPT-4 generated psychological reports in psychodynamic perspective: a pilot study on quality, risk of hallucination and client satisfaction.

IF 3.2 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY
Frontiers in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-03-19 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1473614
Namwoo Kim, Jiseon Lee, Sung Hyeon Park, Yoonseo On, Jieun Lee, Musung Keum, Sanghoon Oh, Yoojin Song, Junhee Lee, Geun Hui Won, Joon Sung Shin, Silvia Kyungjin Lho, Yoon Jung Hwang, Tae-Suk Kim
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Recently, there have been active proposals on how to utilize large language models (LLMs) in the fields of psychiatry and counseling. It would be interesting to develop programs with LLMs that generate psychodynamic assessments to help individuals gain insights about themselves, and to evaluate the features of such services. However, studies on this subject are rare. This pilot study aims to evaluate quality, risk of hallucination (incorrect AI-generated information), and client satisfaction with psychodynamic psychological reports generated by GPT-4.

Methods: The report comprised five components: psychodynamic formulation, psychopathology, parental influence, defense mechanisms, and client strengths. Participants were recruited from individuals distressed by repetitive interpersonal issues. The study was conducted in three steps: 1) Questions provided to participants, designed to create psychodynamic formulations: 14 questions were generated by GPT for inferring psychodynamic formulations, while 6 fixed questions focused on the participants' relationship with their parents. A total of 20 questions were provided. Using participants' responses to these questions, GPT-4 generated the psychological reports. 2) Seven professors of psychiatry from different university hospitals evaluated the quality and risk of hallucinations in the psychological reports by reading the reports only, without meeting the participants. This quality assessment compared the psychological reports generated by GPT-4 with those inferred by the experts. 3) Participants evaluated their satisfaction with the psychological reports. All assessments were conducted using self-report questionnaires based on a Likert scale developed for this study.

Results: A total of 10 participants were recruited, and the average age was 32 years. The median response indicated that quality of all five components of the psychological report was similar to the level inferred by the experts. The risk of hallucination was assessed as ranging from unlikely to minor. According to the median response in the satisfaction evaluation, the participants agreed that the report is clearly understandable, insightful, credible, useful, satisfying, and recommendable.

Conclusion: This study suggests the possibility that artificial intelligence could assist users by providing psychodynamic interpretations.

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来源期刊
Frontiers in Psychiatry
Frontiers in Psychiatry Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
8.50%
发文量
2813
审稿时长
14 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Psychiatry publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research across a wide spectrum of translational, basic and clinical research. Field Chief Editor Stefan Borgwardt at the University of Basel is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide. The journal''s mission is to use translational approaches to improve therapeutic options for mental illness and consequently to improve patient treatment outcomes.
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