Enlarged choroid plexus is linked with poorer physical function in rural older adults: a population-based study.

Abstract

Background: The choroid plexus (ChP) plays an important role in producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and physical dysfunction has been associated with alterations in CSF circulation. However, no population-based studies have thus far examined the association of ChP with physical function in older people.

Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study included 1217 participants (age ≥ 60 years; 57.35% women) in the MRI substudy of the Multimodal Interventions to delay Dementia and disability in rural China. ChP volume was automatically segmented using three-dimensional T1-weighted sequences. Physical function was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Data were analyzed using general linear regression and mediation models.

Results: Controlling for demographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, stroke, disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid-space hydrocephalus (DESH), and total intracranial volume, per 1-ml increase in ChP volume was associated with β-coefficient of -0.24 (95% confidence interval: -0.37 to -0.11) for SPPB summary score, with the association being stronger in females (-0.40; -0.60 to -0.20) than in males (-0.17; -0.33 to -0.01) (p for ChP volume×sex interaction = 0.028). The associations were similar across three domains of balance, chair stand, and walking speed. In addition, enlarged ChP volume was associated with increased ventricular volume and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume. Mediation analysis suggested that lateral ventricular volume and periventricular WMH volume significantly mediated the association of ChP volume with the SPPB summary score, with the proportion of mediation being 54.22% and 14.48%, respectively.

Conclusion: Larger ChP volume is associated with poorer physical function in older adults, especially in women. The association is largely mediated by lateral ventricular and periventricular WMH volumes.