A Complete Three-Moment Representation of Ice in the Predicted Particle Properties (P3) Microphysics Scheme

IF 4.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
Hugh Morrison, Jason A. Milbrandt, Mélissa Cholette
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Abstract

A new, complete three-moment bulk microphysics approach is proposed that includes the effects of all relevant microphysical processes on the evolution of ice particle size distribution (PSD) width. This extends the three-moment approach that was originally implemented in the Predicted Particle Properties (P3) scheme that assumed sedimentation and advection dominate and neglected the effects of most microphysical processes on PSD width. The new approach (FULL) is tested in idealized one-dimensional kinematic updraft and three-dimensional supercell simulations and compared to results using the original approach (ORIG). Although tendencies of the gamma PSD width parameter (μ) from several microphysical processes using FULL are large in magnitude relative to the sedimentation and advection tendencies, they have only minor impacts on the overall spatiotemporal patterns of μ; PSDs are narrower using FULL in regions with relatively narrow PSDs using ORIG and slightly wider in regions with relatively wide PSDs. The processes driving these impacts using FULL are ice-rain collection near convective cores and sublimation in the far forward flank, both leading to PSD narrowing, and broadening from aggregation in the near forward flank. A general theoretical expression is derived to explain whether a process broadens or narrows PSDs based in part on the ice particle mass-size relationship. However, the effects on bulk cloud and precipitation properties are limited, with only a 7%–8% decrease in mean surface precipitation using FULL compared to ORIG. Although overall impacts are modest in the tests conducted, the full approach improves physical realism with a negligible increase in computational cost.

Abstract Image

预测粒子性质(P3)微物理方案中冰的完全三矩表示
提出了一种新的、完整的三矩体微物理方法,包括所有相关微物理过程对冰粒径分布(PSD)宽度演变的影响。这扩展了最初在预测颗粒特性(P3)方案中实施的三时刻方法,该方案假设沉积和平流占主导地位,忽略了大多数微物理过程对PSD宽度的影响。新方法(FULL)在理想的一维运动上升气流和三维超级单体模拟中进行了测试,并与原始方法(ORIG)的结果进行了比较。尽管利用FULL对几个微物理过程的伽马PSD宽度参数(μ)的趋势相对于沉降和平流趋势的幅度较大,但它们对μ的整体时空格局的影响较小;在使用origin的psd相对较窄的区域,使用FULL的psd较窄,而在psd相对较宽的区域,psd略宽。利用FULL驱动这些影响的过程是对流核心附近的冰雨收集和远前翼的升华,两者都导致PSD变窄,并从近前翼的聚集扩大。推导出一个一般的理论表达式来解释一个过程是扩大还是缩小psd部分基于冰粒子质量-尺寸关系。然而,对整体云和降水特性的影响是有限的,与ORIG相比,使用FULL只减少了7%-8%的平均地表降水。尽管在进行的测试中,总体影响不大,但完整的方法提高了物理真实感,而计算成本的增加可以忽略不计。
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来源期刊
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES-
CiteScore
11.40
自引率
11.80%
发文量
241
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems (JAMES) is committed to advancing the science of Earth systems modeling by offering high-quality scientific research through online availability and open access licensing. JAMES invites authors and readers from the international Earth systems modeling community. Open access. Articles are available free of charge for everyone with Internet access to view and download. Formal peer review. Supplemental material, such as code samples, images, and visualizations, is published at no additional charge. No additional charge for color figures. Modest page charges to cover production costs. Articles published in high-quality full text PDF, HTML, and XML. Internal and external reference linking, DOI registration, and forward linking via CrossRef.
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