Analysis of Risk Factors for Early Implant Failure in the Anterior Region: A Retrospective Study of 2620 Implants

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI:10.1111/cid.70027

Shuo Dong, Jiaxin Lv, Liang Wang, Wei Chen, Long Wang, Lingxu Wang, Xiangcheng Xia, Shan Gao, Chunbo Tang

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Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with early implant failure in the anterior maxillary and mandibular regions.

Materials and Methods

A total of 2023 patients with 2620 implants placed in the maxillary and mandibular anterior regions between January 2020 and June 2023 were included in this study. Clinical and radiographic data were extracted from medical records and imaging software. In organizing the information, 19 variables were categorized into patient-related factors (gender, age, periodontitis, reasons for tooth loss, bone quality, and penicillin allergy), implant-related factors (implant system, bone level/soft tissue level, diameter, and length), and surgical factors (jaw position, placement timing, bone grafting, bone compression/splitting surgery, concentrated growth factors (CGFs), bone graft materials, barrier membrane, torque, and healing style). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify significant risk factors for early failure.

Results

The cumulative survival rate (CSR) of all implants after a 0- to 43-month observation period was 95.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 94.8%–96.4%). Independent risk factors for early implant failure included non-submerged healing (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.000, 95% CI = 1.712–5.256), torque < 30 N/cm (HR = 13.193, 95% CI = 8.439–20.626), and Type I bone quality (HR = 3.220, 95% CI = 1.413–7.342) (all p < 0.05). Conversely, bone compression or splitting surgery was identified as a protective factor (HR = 0.344, 95% CI = 0.186–0.634). No significant associations were observed for age, reasons for tooth loss, penicillin allergy, use of CGF, or implant characteristics (location, type, length, and diameter).

Conclusion

After 0–43 months of observation, the CSR for 2620 implants placed in 2023 patients was 95.6% (95% CI = 94.8%–96.4%). Torque < 30 N/cm, non-submerged healing, and Type I bone quality were considered independent risk factors for early implant failure in the anterior region.

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前牙区种植体早期失败的危险因素分析：2620个种植体的回顾性研究

目的本研究旨在确定上颌前区和下颌骨种植体早期失败的相关危险因素。材料与方法本研究纳入2020年1月至2023年6月在上颌和下颌前区放置2620颗种植体的2023例患者。临床和影像学资料从病历和影像软件中提取。在组织信息时，将19个变量分类为患者相关因素（性别、年龄、牙周炎、牙齿脱落原因、骨质量和青霉素过敏）、种植体相关因素（种植体系统、骨水平/软组织水平、直径和长度）和手术因素（颌骨位置、放置时间、植骨、骨压缩/分裂手术、集中生长因子（cgf）、植骨材料、屏障膜、扭矩和愈合方式）。单因素和多因素Cox比例风险回归模型用于识别早期衰竭的重要危险因素。结果观察0 ~ 43个月后，所有种植体的累积存活率（CSR）为95.6%（95%可信区间[CI]: 94.8% ~ 96.4%）。早期种植体失败的独立危险因素包括未淹没愈合（风险比[HR] = 3.000, 95% CI = 1.712-5.256）、扭矩<； 30 N/cm（风险比[HR] = 13.193, 95% CI = 8.439-20.626）和I型骨质量（风险比= 3.220,95% CI = 1.413-7.342）（均p <； 0.05）。相反，骨压缩或劈裂手术被认为是一个保护因素（HR = 0.344, 95% CI = 0.186-0.634）。未观察到年龄、牙齿脱落原因、青霉素过敏、使用CGF或种植体特征（位置、类型、长度和直径）有显著相关性。结论2023例患者放置2620颗种植体，经0 ~ 43个月观察，CSR为95.6% （95% CI = 94.8% ~ 96.4%）。扭矩30 N/cm、非淹没愈合和I型骨质量被认为是前牙区早期种植体失败的独立危险因素。

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来源期刊

Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

13.90%

发文量

103

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The goal of Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research is to advance the scientific and technical aspects relating to dental implants and related scientific subjects. Dissemination of new and evolving information related to dental implants and the related science is the primary goal of our journal. The range of topics covered by the journals will include but be not limited to: New scientific developments relating to bone Implant surfaces and their relationship to the surrounding tissues Computer aided implant designs Computer aided prosthetic designs Immediate implant loading Immediate implant placement Materials relating to bone induction and conduction New surgical methods relating to implant placement New materials and methods relating to implant restorations Methods for determining implant stability A primary focus of the journal is publication of evidenced based articles evaluating to new dental implants, techniques and multicenter studies evaluating these treatments. In addition basic science research relating to wound healing and osseointegration will be an important focus for the journal.