Nutritional Status and Somatotype of School-Aged Youth (5–17 Years) Residing at Moderate Altitude in the Ambato Department of Catamarca Province, Argentina

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

American Journal of Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI:10.1002/ajhb.70035

Rosario Elizabeth Pacheco Agüero, Lautaro Daniel Andrade, Norma Beatriz Dip, Delia Beatriz Lomaglio

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Abstract

Objectives

To analyze the somatotype and its relationship with nutritional status, determined by Body Mass Index (BMI), in populations from moderate altitude in the province of Catamarca, Argentina.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 139 schoolchildren aged 5–17 years (51.79% girls) from the rural localities of Las Juntas and Las Piedras Blancas (1609 m above sea level), Ambato Department, Catamarca province. Anthropometric measurements were taken to calculate BMI and the three somatotype components: endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy, according to Heath and Carter. Participants were classified based on WHO categories: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity.

Results

Overweight was observed in 16.5% of the participants. Obesity (7.5%) was present only in boys. The average somatotype profile was 3.9–2.5–2.2, indicating moderate adiposity, low musculoskeletal development, and relative linearity. Regression analysis showed that BMI increased with the first two components and decreased with the third. Differences in somatotype distribution by sex and age were observed, along with low concordance between obesity categories (BMI) and high endomorphy. Boys tended to exhibit more mesomorphic somatotypes, while girls showed predominantly endomorphic somatotypes as BMI increased.

Conclusions

The analyzed population of children and adolescents showed a predominantly endomorphic somatotype with a low prevalence of obesity. The low concordance between nutritional status (BMI) and somatotype highlights the need for complementary criteria to evaluate body composition.

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阿根廷卡塔马卡省阿姆巴托省中等海拔地区5-17岁学龄青年的营养状况和体型

目的分析阿根廷卡塔马卡省中等海拔地区人群的身体类型及其与营养状况的关系。方法对来自卡塔马卡省安巴托省拉斯琼塔斯和拉斯皮德拉斯布兰卡斯（海拔1609 m）农村地区的139名5-17岁学龄儿童（51.79%）进行横断面描述性研究。根据希思和卡特的说法，采用人体测量测量来计算BMI和三种体型组成部分：内形态、中形态和外形态。参与者根据世卫组织的分类进行分类：体重不足、体重正常、超重和肥胖。结果16.5%的参与者体重超标。肥胖（7.5%）仅存在于男孩中。平均体型分布为3.9-2.5-2.2，表明中度肥胖，肌肉骨骼发育低，相对线性。回归分析表明，BMI随前两个成分增加而增加，随第三个成分减少。观察到不同性别和年龄的体型分布差异，以及肥胖类别（BMI）和高自同构之间的低一致性。随着体重指数的增加，男孩倾向于表现出更多的中胚型，而女孩则主要表现出内胚型。结论所分析的儿童和青少年人群主要表现为内胚型，肥胖患病率较低。营养状况（BMI）和体型之间的低一致性强调了补充标准来评估身体组成的必要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Human Biology 生物-生物学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

13.80%

发文量

124

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Human Biology is the Official Journal of the Human Biology Association. The American Journal of Human Biology is a bimonthly, peer-reviewed, internationally circulated journal that publishes reports of original research, theoretical articles and timely reviews, and brief communications in the interdisciplinary field of human biology. As the official journal of the Human Biology Association, the Journal also publishes abstracts of research presented at its annual scientific meeting and book reviews relevant to the field. The Journal seeks scholarly manuscripts that address all aspects of human biology, health, and disease, particularly those that stress comparative, developmental, ecological, or evolutionary perspectives. The transdisciplinary areas covered in the Journal include, but are not limited to, epidemiology, genetic variation, population biology and demography, physiology, anatomy, nutrition, growth and aging, physical performance, physical activity and fitness, ecology, and evolution, along with their interactions. The Journal publishes basic, applied, and methodologically oriented research from all areas, including measurement, analytical techniques and strategies, and computer applications in human biology. Like many other biologically oriented disciplines, the field of human biology has undergone considerable growth and diversification in recent years, and the expansion of the aims and scope of the Journal is a reflection of this growth and membership diversification. The Journal is committed to prompt review, and priority publication is given to manuscripts with novel or timely findings, and to manuscripts of unusual interest.