Molecular Epidemiology and Genotypic Diversity of Theileria annulata among Bovines Based Upon Tams1 Gene in India

IF 1.2 3区农林科学 Q4 PARASITOLOGY

Acta Parasitologica Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI:10.1007/s11686-025-01014-1

Rashmi Malik, Biswa Ranjan Maharana, Anita Ganguly, Sukhdeep Vohra, Binod Kumar, Ankit Kumar, Harpreet Singh, Sandeep Potliya, Sujoy Khanna, Subhasish Sahu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose

Bovine theileriosis, caused by Theileria annulata, presents a significant economic challenge to India’s livestock industry. This study investigates the molecular epidemiology of T. annulata in bovine populations from Haryana, India, focusing on the genetic diversity of the Tams1 gene (785 bp).

Methods

The prevalence of T. annulata was evaluated in 800 blood samples using microscopy and PCR techniques, specifically targeting SSU rRNA and Tams1 genes. Genetic diversity among T. annulata isolates was analyzed through DNA sequencing and phylogenetic studies. Additionally, the impact of various risk factors on T. annulata infection was assessed.

Results

Microscopy revealed that 29.25% (117/400) of cattle and 2.75% (11/400) of buffalo were detected positive for Theileria spp. in Giemsa-stained blood smears. The Theileria genus-specific primers amplified a 1098 bp fragment of the SSU rRNA gene in 39.5% (158/400) cattle and 6% (24/400) buffalo. The T. annulata-specific PCR targeting the partial Tams1 gene revealed a prevalence rate of 37% (148/400) in cattle and 3.5% (14/400) in buffalo. A genetic analysis of the Tams1 gene in 389 sequences, including 14 T. annulata isolates from Haryana (8 from cattle, 6 from buffaloes), revealed significant variation within Indian T. annulata parasites. Analysis of Tams1 gene sequences (389 from 16 countries) revealed 35 haplotypes globally, with four identified from the 14 isolates sequenced in this study. Nucleotide homology among 14 northern Indian isolates ranged from 89.46–100%, compared to a broader range of 78.42–100% when global sequences were included. Among 35 haplotypes, Hap_1 is the most dominant and shows geographic clustering. Globally, low genetic distance (Fst < 0.15) and high gene flow (Nm > 1) were observed among the five populations (South Asia, East Asia, West Asia, Europe, and Africa), suggesting minimal genetic differentiation among T. annulata populations. Negative values in Tajima’ s D (-1.21941) and Li’s F (-2.97801) tests suggest recent population expansion. Risk factors such as age, sex, and host species are significantly associated with T. annulata infection.

Conclusion

This study offers comprehensive insights into T. annulata genetic diversity, population structure, and haplotype networks using the Tams1 gene.

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基于印度Tams1基因的牛环孢杆菌分子流行病学及基因型多样性研究

目的：牛环芽孢杆菌引起的牛环芽孢杆菌病对印度畜牧业提出了重大的经济挑战。本文研究了印度哈里亚纳邦牛种群中环斑绦虫（T. annulata）的分子流行病学，重点研究了Tams1基因（785 bp）的遗传多样性。方法采用镜检和PCR技术对800份血液样本进行环虫流行情况评估，特别针对SSU rRNA和Tams1基因。通过DNA测序和系统发育研究，分析了环孢霉分离株的遗传多样性。此外，还评估了各种危险因素对环虫感染的影响。结果显微镜检查结果显示，29.25%（117/400）的牛和2.75%（11/400）的水牛的吉氏杆菌染色血涂片呈阳性。该引物在39.5%（158/400）牛和6%（24/400）水牛中扩增出1098 bp的SSU rRNA基因片段。针对Tams1部分基因的环斑绦虫特异性PCR结果显示，环斑绦虫在牛和水牛中的患病率分别为37%（148/400）和3.5%（14/400）。对来自哈里亚纳邦的14株环斑绦虫（8株来自牛，6株来自水牛）的389个序列的Tams1基因进行遗传分析，发现印度环斑绦虫寄生虫之间存在显著差异。对来自16个国家的389个Tams1基因序列进行分析，发现全球35个单倍型，其中4个来自本研究测序的14个分离株。14株北印度分离株的核苷酸同源性范围为89.46-100%，而包括全基因组序列时的同源性范围为78.42-100%。35个单倍型中，以Hap_1最显性，具有地理聚类性。在全球范围内，南亚、东亚、西亚、欧洲和非洲5个居群的遗传距离较低（Fst < 0.15），基因流量较高（Nm > 1），表明环叶滴虫居群之间的遗传分化较小。Tajima的D检验（-1.21941）和Li的F检验（-2.97801）呈负值，提示近期人口扩张。年龄、性别、寄主种类等危险因素与环虫感染显著相关。结论本研究利用Tams1基因对环斑田鼠的遗传多样性、种群结构和单倍型网络有了全面的了解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Acta Parasitologica 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

6.70%

发文量

149

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Acta Parasitologica is an international journal covering the latest advances in the subject. Acta Parasitologica publishes original papers on all aspects of parasitology and host-parasite relationships, including the latest discoveries in biochemical and molecular biology of parasites, their physiology, morphology, taxonomy and ecology, as well as original research papers on immunology, pathology, and epidemiology of parasitic diseases in the context of medical, veterinary and biological sciences. The journal also publishes short research notes, invited review articles, book reviews. The journal was founded in 1953 as "Acta Parasitologica Polonica" by the Polish Parasitological Society and since 1954 has been published by W. Stefanski Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. Since 1992 in has appeared as Acta Parasitologica in four issues per year.