Optimized electromechanical compensation for electric and magnetic field mitigation near overhead transmission lines using genetic algorithm

Abstract

This paper describes a new Electromechanical Compensation (EMC) approach for reducing electric and magnetic fields near overhead transmission lines. The suggested method combines mechanical rearrangement of power conductors with passive-reactive compensation, utilizing a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to optimize conductor placements and reactor settings, therefore reducing electromagnetic field (EMF) intensity. In the proposed research, OTL mechanical rearrangement is improved using electrical compensation. The electrical compensation is implemented by inserting a combination of reactive series and shunt elements in each phase, creating an imbalance in voltage and current. The concept of the proposed technique depends on the fact that the electric and magnetic fields resulting from balanced three-phase voltages and currents, respectively, are negligible as the separation among phases is too tiny since, at this time, the electric and magnetic field vectors are almost in the same direction and have zero-sum as the sum of their corresponding three-phase voltages and currents is zero. The electric and magnetic fields were computed using simulation techniques such as charge simulation and the Biot-Savart law. Simulation results show considerable reductions in both fields, with electric and magnetic field mitigations of over 52 % and 47 %, respectively, compared to a mechanical rearrangement-only strategy. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the EMC approach in improving environmental safety while retaining system performance.