Prevalence and Associations of Epiretinal Membrane by OCT in a Japanese Population-Based Cohort: Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Eye Study

IF 3.2 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Ophthalmology science Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI:10.1016/j.xops.2025.100752

Akihiko Shiraki MD , Atsushi Hirayama MD, MPH , Nobuo Fuse MD, PhD , Ryo Kawasaki MD, PhD , Satoko Fujimoto MD, PhD , Tomoyuki Okazaki MD , Susumu Sakimoto MD, PhD , Takatoshi Maeno MD, PhD , Makiko Taira MD, PhD , Tomo Saito MS , Tomohiro Nakamura PhD , Soichi Ogishima PhD , Atsushi Hozawa MD, PhD , Kengo Kinoshita PhD , Masayuki Yamamoto MD, PhD , Kohji Nishida MD, PhD

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Abstract

Purpose

To examine the prevalence of epiretinal membrane (ERM) according to the OCT-based severity scales, and to describe associations focusing on the impact of smoking and axial length of the globe.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Participants

The baseline examination cohort comprised participants from the Tohoku Medical Megabank community cohort recruited from 2013 to 2017.

Methods

In total, 38 118 eyes of 19 486 participants were classified with ERM staging. The characteristics of ERM severity were analyzed, and the association between the prevalence of ERM and ocular and systemic parameters was investigated using logistic regression models. Cubic spline models were constructed to visualize the relationships with lifetime smoking exposure and axial lengths. Regarding ERM severity, the associations between stage 1 and stage 2 or more were analyzed with multivariate analysis.

Main Outcome Measures

Epiretinal membrane prevalence at each stage determined via OCT and factors associated with ERM presence and severity.

Results

The prevalence of ERM was 2.3% per eye (3.6% per person), with a predominance at stage 1. The presence of severe ERM stages was higher in older individuals. The multivariate logistic analysis revealed that older age, female sex, and long axial length were associated with a higher prevalence of ERM. In a multivariate analysis stratified by sex, glaucoma was also identified as a significant factor associated with the prevalence of ERM in women. In the cubic spline model, no consistent trend was observed between smoking and ERM prevalence. However, a U-shaped relationship was indicated between axial length and ERM prevalence. Epiretinal membrane severity highlighted older age, alcohol consumption, and very long axial length as significantly associated compared with stage 1.

Conclusions

Epiretinal membrane prevalence was significantly associated with older age, female sex, and long axial length.

Financial Disclosure(s)

Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.

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在日本以人群为基础的队列中，OCT视网膜上膜的患病率及其相关性：东北医学大银行组织眼科研究

目的根据基于oct的严重程度量表检查视网膜前膜（ERM）的患病率，并描述关注吸烟和眼球轴向长度影响的关联。DesignCross-sectional研究。基线检查队列包括2013年至2017年招募的东北医疗大银行社区队列的参与者。方法19 486例受试者共38 118只眼进行ERM分期。分析了ERM严重程度的特征，并利用logistic回归模型研究了ERM患病率与眼部和全身参数之间的关系。构建了三次样条模型来可视化吸烟暴露与轴长之间的关系。关于ERM严重程度，用多变量分析分析1期和2期或以上的相关性。主要结局测量：通过OCT和与ERM存在和严重程度相关的因素确定每个阶段的视网膜膜患病率。结果ERM发生率为2.3% /眼（3.6% /人），以1期为主。严重ERM阶段的存在在老年人中较高。多因素logistic分析显示，年龄较大、女性和较长的轴长与较高的ERM患病率相关。在一项按性别分层的多变量分析中，青光眼也被确定为与女性ERM患病率相关的重要因素。在三次样条模型中，吸烟与ERM患病率之间没有一致的趋势。然而，轴向长度与ERM患病率呈u型关系。与第一阶段相比，视网膜前膜严重程度突出表现为年龄较大、饮酒和非常长的轴长。结论中隔膜患病率与年龄、女性、轴长有关。财务披露专有或商业披露可在本文末尾的脚注和披露中找到。

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