Unveiling nanotech's potential in the treatment of skin cancer: A bibliometric and patent review

Abstract

Skin cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer, and its primary treatment methods include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. However, there are often challenges related to the effectiveness and adverse side effects. Nanotechnology has emerged as a valuable ally in addressing these limitations with its distinct targeting properties, as it reduces systemic toxicity in chemotherapy, minimizes radiation damage to healthy tissue in radiotherapy, and increases the precision and efficacy of immunotherapy by delivering immunomodulatory agents directly to the tumor microenvironment. The present review examined a range of patents for the treatment of melanoma, the main skin cancer, using polymeric, lipid, and metallic nanoparticles. By combining these nanocarriers with active compounds and ligands, researchers were able to enhance the therapeutic impact against melanoma. Moreover, leading nations in innovation such as China, India, and the United States have significantly contributed to advancements in this area. The utilization of nanotechnology in treating complex diseases like cancer, particularly melanoma, has been increasingly prominent. Numerous researchers and organizations are focused on creating personalized nanotherapies for skin cancer. With the rise of this technology, it is crucial to explore concerns related to long-term effectiveness, pharmaceutical stability, potential side effects, and underlying mechanisms of action.