‘Nowhere is safe for us’: An analysis of gender discrimination against female inmates in a male correctional institution

Abstract

This study analysed gender discrimination against female inmates in the Abakaliki custodial centre in Nigeria. Using a qualitative phenomenological design and a purposive sampling approach, open-ended interviews with 31 female inmates were transcribed and analysed thematically. Findings uncovered how the prison reproduces a sexist ideology and shapes the realities of these women within the system. There was an apparent disparity in prison rules and management with women disadvantaged. They experienced restrictions in movement, strict surveillance, limited educational, vocational and recreational training, and exclusion from paid and unpaid employment opportunities. Other lived experiences shared were lack of access to recreational and sports activities that could improve their physical and mental health, stereotypes, and extended patriarchal dominance. The study expands the literature in feminist and radical/critical criminology by providing an in-depth examination and understanding of carceral life course and female offenders' nuanced experiences from African perspectives. Firsthand knowledge can inform more integrative, operative and suitable need-based correctional techniques, therapies, and practices. Redesigning prison architecture and administration will effectively address the lopsided training or educational programmes. The diversion of women's custody to community-based corrections and facilitation for those with low-level risks and less severe offending pathways is recommended.