Precise synthesis of advanced polyarylamines for efficient perovskite solar cells

IF 37.2 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nature Materials Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI:10.1038/s41563-025-02199-6

Ziqiu Shen, Yanchun Huang, Yuan Dong, Kangrong Yan, Hongzhen Chen, Chang-Zhi Li

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Abstract

Although being highly demanded in organic electronics, functional conjugated polymers face challenges on scalable synthesis with batch uniformities. Here a reactivity-regulated sequent cross-coupling carbon–nitrogen polycondensation method is developed to enable the precise synthesis of functional polyarylamines with excellent batch-to-batch uniformity. It is revealed that the stepwise regulation of intermediate reactivities is key to accomplish controllable polycondensation via two sequent palladium-promoted carbon–nitrogen coupling cycles, which is distinct to the unicyclic carbon–carbon coupling. A variety of polyarylamines are prepared to improve the material functionalities, where a ternary polymer consisting of polar substituents is shown to optimize the interfacial and bulk properties of perovskite layers fabricated on top. The corresponding inverted perovskite solar cells achieved remarkable power conversion efficiencies of 25.2% (active area, 5.97 mm²) and 23.2% (active area, 128 mm²), along with decent operational stabilities. Overall, this work provides an effective polymerization method for advanced conjugated polymers to enable high-performance optoelectronics.

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高效钙钛矿太阳能电池用先进聚芳胺的精确合成

虽然在有机电子学中有很高的需求，但功能共轭聚合物在批量均匀的可扩展合成方面面临挑战。本文开发了一种反应性调节的序贯交叉偶联碳氮缩聚方法，以精确合成具有优异批次均匀性的功能化聚芳胺。结果表明，与单环碳-碳偶联不同，中间反应活性的分步调节是钯催化碳-氮连续两次偶联循环实现可控缩聚的关键。制备了多种聚芳胺来改善材料的功能，其中由极性取代基组成的三元聚合物被证明可以优化在其上制备的钙钛矿层的界面和体积性质。相应的反向钙钛矿太阳能电池的功率转换效率分别为25.2%（有源面积5.97 mm2）和23.2%（有源面积128 mm2），并且具有良好的工作稳定性。总的来说，这项工作为先进的共轭聚合物提供了一种有效的聚合方法，使高性能光电子成为可能。

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来源期刊

Nature Materials 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

62.20

自引率

0.70%

发文量

221

审稿时长

3.2 months

期刊介绍： Nature Materials is a monthly multi-disciplinary journal aimed at bringing together cutting-edge research across the entire spectrum of materials science and engineering. It covers all applied and fundamental aspects of the synthesis/processing, structure/composition, properties, and performance of materials. The journal recognizes that materials research has an increasing impact on classical disciplines such as physics, chemistry, and biology. Additionally, Nature Materials provides a forum for the development of a common identity among materials scientists and encourages interdisciplinary collaboration. It takes an integrated and balanced approach to all areas of materials research, fostering the exchange of ideas between scientists involved in different disciplines. Nature Materials is an invaluable resource for scientists in academia and industry who are active in discovering and developing materials and materials-related concepts. It offers engaging and informative papers of exceptional significance and quality, with the aim of influencing the development of society in the future.