Meta-analysis of the prevalence of tuberculosis in cattle and zoonotic tuberculosis in humans in sub-Saharan Africa.

IF 3.8 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

One health outlook Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI:10.1186/s42522-024-00130-8

Alfred Ngwira, Samuel Manda, Esron Daniel Karimuribo, Sharadhuli Iddi Kimera

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Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) in cattle negatively affects the cattle economy in Africa, with zoonotic TB posing drug-resistance issues in humans. The burden of TB in cattle and zoonotic TB in humans in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is not well understood. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of both TB in cattle and zoonotic TB in humans in SSA through meta-analysis.

Methods: Research on TB prevalence was sourced from multiple databases. A random effects meta-analysis model estimated TB prevalence in SSA and its regions, while meta-regression identified risk factors. The analysis included 114 studies for cattle and 59 for humans.

Results: The estimated TB prevalence in cattle was 5.06% (95% CI: 3.76-6.78), with a higher burden in West Africa. The prevalence was greater on farms than at abattoirs. Among humans, M. bovis prevalence was 0.73% (95% CI: 0.53-1.01), increasing to 1.56% (95% CI: 1.04-2.33) in TB incident cases, especially in the West and East Africa. Higher prevalence was noted among livestock workers, and in drug-resistant cases. Significant factors influencing TB prevalence varied for cattle and humans, including country, diagnostic methods, and study populations.

Conclusion: Focusing interventions on farms and livestock workers could help reduce the disease burden.

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撒哈拉以南非洲牛结核病流行率和人畜共患结核病流行率的荟萃分析。

背景：牛的结核病对非洲的牛经济产生负面影响，人畜共患结核病对人类造成耐药性问题。撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）的牛结核病和人畜共患结核病负担尚不清楚。本研究旨在通过荟萃分析确定SSA牛结核病和人畜共患结核病的流行情况。方法：利用多个数据库对结核病流行情况进行研究。随机效应荟萃分析模型估计了SSA及其地区的结核病患病率，而荟萃回归确定了危险因素。该分析包括114项针对牛的研究和59项针对人类的研究。结果：牛中估计的结核病流行率为5.06% (95% CI: 3.76-6.78)，其中西非的负担更高。农场的流行率高于屠宰场。在人类中，牛支原体流行率为0.73% (95% CI: 0.53-1.01)，在结核病病例中，特别是在西非和东非，增加到1.56% （95% CI: 1.04-2.33）。在畜牧工人和耐药病例中发现较高的流行率。影响结核病流行的重要因素因牛和人而异，包括国家、诊断方法和研究人群。结论：重点干预农场和畜牧工人有助于减轻疾病负担。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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One health outlook

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