[Artificial intelligence in medicine-Opportunities and risks from an ethical perspective].

Die Ophthalmologie Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-02 DOI:10.1007/s00347-025-02224-8
Saskia Metan, Florian Bruns
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Imaging disciplines, such as ophthalmology, offer a wide range of opportunities for the beneficial use of artificial intelligence (AI). The analysis of images and data by trained algorithms has the potential to facilitate making the diagnosis and patient care and not just in ophthalmology. If AI brings about advances in clinical practice that benefit patients, this is ethically to be welcomed; however, respect for the self-determination of patients and data security must be guaranteed. Traceability and explainability of the algorithms would strengthen trust in automated decision-making and enable ultimate medical responsibility. It should be noted that algorithms are only as good and unbiased as the data used to train them. If the use of AI is likely to lead to a loss of skills on the part of doctors (deskilling), this must be counteracted, for example through improved training. Accompanying medical ethics research is necessary to identify those aspects of the use of AI that require regulation. In principle, care must be taken to ensure that AI serves people and adapts to their needs, not the other way round.

[医学中的人工智能——从伦理角度看的机遇和风险]。
成像学科,如眼科,为人工智能(AI)的有益应用提供了广泛的机会。经过训练的算法对图像和数据的分析有可能促进诊断和患者护理,而不仅仅是在眼科。如果人工智能在临床实践中带来了有利于患者的进步,这在伦理上是受欢迎的;然而,必须保证尊重患者的自决和数据安全。算法的可追溯性和可解释性将加强对自动化决策的信任,并实现最终的医疗责任。值得注意的是,算法的好坏取决于训练它们的数据。如果人工智能的使用可能会导致医生的技能丧失(去技能化),那么必须通过改进培训等方式加以抵消。有必要进行相应的医学伦理研究,以确定人工智能使用中需要监管的方面。原则上,必须注意确保人工智能服务于人并适应人的需求,而不是相反。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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