A chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation of the Pseudorasbora elongata (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae).

Abstract

Pseudorasbora elongata is a unique small fish species endemic to China, distinguished by its striking body coloration resembling a "Chinese ink brush." Due to environmental changes and anthropogenic factors, its wild populations have declined, and it has been listed multiple times as an endangered species. However, the absence of a chromosomal-level reference for P. elongata has hindered our understanding of its population genetics and conservation biology. To address this gap, we present a chromosome-level genome assembly of P. elongata, generated using PacBio HiFi reads, Oxford Nanopore Technologies, and Hi-C data. We get a genome size of 1.4 Gb with a contig N50 of 34.4 Mb and a scafold N50 of 53.7 Mb. Telomeric sequences were identified at the ends of 42 telomeres across 25 chromosomes. Notably, we observed a high degree of collinearity between our assembly and the Pseudorasbora parva genome. This study provides valuable insights into the genetics, genomics, and evolutionary history of P. elongata, offering a foundation for future research and enabling the development of genetic conservation strategies.