The Impact of Turfgrass on Urban Carbon Dioxide Fluxes in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA

IF 3.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Jason P. Horne, Claire Jin, Natasha L. Miles, Scott J. Richardson, Samantha L. Murphy, Kai Wu, Kenneth J. Davis
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Abstract

Evaluating the efficacy of climate mitigation measures requires quantifying urban greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Both anthropogenic and biogenic GHG fluxes are important in urban systems, and disaggregation is necessary to understand urban GHG fluxes. In urban environments one common source of biogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes is turfgrass. We use CO2 fluxes measured using eddy covariance over a cemetery (less managed) and golf course (more managed) to investigate the contribution of turfgrass lawns to biogenic CO2 fluxes in Indianapolis, IN. We assess the ability of a simple light-use efficiency model, the Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM), commonly used to create prior fluxes necessary for determining urban carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes via inversion modeling, to represent daily and seasonal patterns in turfgrass CO2 fluxes. Our results show that the existing VPRM Plant Functional Types (PFTs) cannot capture observed daily and seasonal fluxes at either location. We then use data from these sites to create a new turfgrass PFT for the VPRM. We find that less-managed lawns like cemeteries are best represented by different parameters than heavily managed lawns like golf courses, and seasonally changing parameters best match the observed fluxes. We then use the new turfgrass PFT within the VPRM to explore daily and seasonal variability in turfgrass fluxes and their impact, integrated across the city, on urban ecosystem CO2 fluxes. This study illustrates the importance of representing turfgrass as a unique PFT when quantifying urban GHG fluxes and the biases resulting from misrepresentation.

美国印第安纳州印第安纳波利斯草坪草对城市二氧化碳通量的影响
评估气候减缓措施的效果需要量化城市温室气体(GHG)排放。人为和生物原因的温室气体通量在城市系统中都很重要,分解是了解城市温室气体通量的必要条件。在城市环境中,生物源性二氧化碳通量的一个常见来源是草坪草。我们使用在墓地(管理较少)和高尔夫球场(管理较多)上使用涡流相关方差测量的二氧化碳通量来调查印第安纳州印第安纳波利斯的草坪对生物源二氧化碳通量的贡献。我们评估了一个简单的光利用效率模型,即植被光合作用和呼吸模型(VPRM)的能力,该模型通常用于通过反演模型创建确定城市二氧化碳(CO2)通量所需的先验通量,以表示草坪草二氧化碳通量的日常和季节模式。研究结果表明,现有的VPRM植物功能类型(PFTs)不能捕获两个地点观测到的日通量和季节通量。然后,我们使用这些站点的数据为VPRM创建一个新的草坪草PFT。我们发现,管理较少的草坪(如墓地)比管理较多的草坪(如高尔夫球场)更能代表不同的参数,并且季节变化的参数与观测到的通量最匹配。然后,我们在VPRM中使用新的草坪草PFT来探索草坪草通量的日和季节变化及其对城市生态系统二氧化碳通量的影响,并将其纳入整个城市。这项研究说明了在量化城市温室气体通量时,将草坪作为一个独特的PFT的重要性,以及由于误报造成的偏差。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences Earth and Planetary Sciences-Paleontology
CiteScore
6.60
自引率
5.40%
发文量
242
期刊介绍: JGR-Biogeosciences focuses on biogeosciences of the Earth system in the past, present, and future and the extension of this research to planetary studies. The emerging field of biogeosciences spans the intellectual interface between biology and the geosciences and attempts to understand the functions of the Earth system across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Studies in biogeosciences may use multiple lines of evidence drawn from diverse fields to gain a holistic understanding of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems and extreme environments. Specific topics within the scope of the section include process-based theoretical, experimental, and field studies of biogeochemistry, biogeophysics, atmosphere-, land-, and ocean-ecosystem interactions, biomineralization, life in extreme environments, astrobiology, microbial processes, geomicrobiology, and evolutionary geobiology
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