Improved Tomographic Reconstruction of 3D Global Coronal Density from STEREO/COR1 Observations

Abstract

Tomography is a powerful technique for recovering the three-dimensional (3D) density structure of the global solar corona. In this work, we present an improved tomography method by introducing radial weighting in the regularization term. Radial weighting provides balanced smoothing of density values across different heights, helping to recover finer structures at lower heights while also stabilizing the solution and preventing oscillatory artifacts at higher altitudes. We apply this technique to reconstruct the 3D electron density of Carrington Rotation (CR) 2098 using two weeks of polarized brightness (pB) observations from the inner coronagraph (COR1) on board spacecraft-B of the twin Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO), where the radial weighting function is taken as the inverse intensity background, calculated by averaging all the pB images used. Comparisons between density distributions at various heights from the tomography and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations show good agreement. We find that radial weighting not only effectively corrects the oversmoothing effect near the inner boundary in reconstructions using second-order smoothing but also significantly improves reconstruction quality when using zero-order smoothing. Additionally, comparing reconstructions for CR 2091 from single-satellite data with that from multiviewpoint data suggests that coronal evolution and dynamics may significantly impact on the reconstructed density structures. This improved tomography method has been used to create a database of 3D densities for CRs 2052 to 2154, based on STEREO/COR1-B data, covering the period from 08 January 2007 to 17 September 2014.