{"title":"Rainbow directed version of Dirac's theorem","authors":"Hao Li , Luyi Li , Ping Li , Xueliang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.disc.2025.114506","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Let <span><math><mi>G</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>:</mo><mi>i</mi><mo>∈</mo><mo>[</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>]</mo><mo>}</mo></math></span> be a collection of not necessarily distinct graphs on the same vertex set <em>V</em>. A graph <em>H</em> is called <em>rainbow</em> in <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span> if any two edges of <em>H</em> belong to different graphs of <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span>. In 2020, Joos and Kim proved a rainbow version of Dirac's theorem. In this paper, we prove a rainbow directed version of Dirac's theorem asymptotically: For each <span><math><mn>0</mn><mo><</mo><mi>ε</mi><mo><</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>, there exists an integer <em>N</em> such that when <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>≥</mo><mi>N</mi></math></span> the following holds. Let <span><math><mi>D</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>:</mo><mi>i</mi><mo>∈</mo><mo>[</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>]</mo><mo>}</mo></math></span> be a collection of <em>n</em>-vertex digraphs on the same vertex set <em>V</em>. If both the out-degree and the in-degree of <em>v</em> are at least <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mi>ε</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mi>n</mi></math></span> for each vertex <span><math><mi>v</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>V</mi></math></span> and each integer <span><math><mi>i</mi><mo>∈</mo><mo>[</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>]</mo></math></span>, then <span><math><mi>D</mi></math></span> contains a rainbow Hamiltonian cycle. Furthermore, we provide a sufficient condition for the existence of arbitrary rainbow tournaments in a collection of <em>n</em>-vertex digraphs, where a <em>tournament</em> is an oriented graph of a complete graph.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50572,"journal":{"name":"Discrete Mathematics","volume":"348 8","pages":"Article 114506"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Discrete Mathematics","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012365X25001141","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Let be a collection of not necessarily distinct graphs on the same vertex set V. A graph H is called rainbow in if any two edges of H belong to different graphs of . In 2020, Joos and Kim proved a rainbow version of Dirac's theorem. In this paper, we prove a rainbow directed version of Dirac's theorem asymptotically: For each , there exists an integer N such that when the following holds. Let be a collection of n-vertex digraphs on the same vertex set V. If both the out-degree and the in-degree of v are at least for each vertex and each integer , then contains a rainbow Hamiltonian cycle. Furthermore, we provide a sufficient condition for the existence of arbitrary rainbow tournaments in a collection of n-vertex digraphs, where a tournament is an oriented graph of a complete graph.
期刊介绍:
Discrete Mathematics provides a common forum for significant research in many areas of discrete mathematics and combinatorics. Among the fields covered by Discrete Mathematics are graph and hypergraph theory, enumeration, coding theory, block designs, the combinatorics of partially ordered sets, extremal set theory, matroid theory, algebraic combinatorics, discrete geometry, matrices, and discrete probability theory.
Items in the journal include research articles (Contributions or Notes, depending on length) and survey/expository articles (Perspectives). Efforts are made to process the submission of Notes (short articles) quickly. The Perspectives section features expository articles accessible to a broad audience that cast new light or present unifying points of view on well-known or insufficiently-known topics.