MmWave beam path blockage prevention through codebook value prediction under domain shift

IF 6 3区 计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Bram van Berlo, Tanir Ozcelebi, Nirvana Meratnia
{"title":"MmWave beam path blockage prevention through codebook value prediction under domain shift","authors":"Bram van Berlo,&nbsp;Tanir Ozcelebi,&nbsp;Nirvana Meratnia","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101584","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Use of millimeter and terahertz spectra for communication is very sensitive to obstacles blocking signal beam paths. Beam angle codebook values can be adapted to control beam operation angles for blockage prevention, but this requires prediction of beam paths that are blocked. The performance of the prediction pipeline may be affected by domain factors such as physical characteristics of an operation environment and a specific blocker. This can be illustrated by artificially introducing domain factor shifts between training and test data subsets where a specific domain factor is left out of the training subset. Our experiments reveal significant performance drops in the blockage prediction performance on left-out test subset folds that contain all the samples of a specific domain factor. Thus, the prediction pipeline must employ effective domain shift mitigation techniques to attain consistent prediction performance in different domains. Pipeline performance should be supported by logical input data to prediction causation. We quantify causation by means of Shapley importance values with input regions attributable to signal aspects such as linear array antennas. Shapley importance results show high neural network prediction confidence value affection for amplitude variance and a limited set of subsequent fast-time blocks. Random inductively biased convolutions affection differs in a limited number of spatially separated antennas causing affection. Equally high prediction confidence value affection is assumed for iterative component search due to internal extraction mechanics and time complexity increases when zero-masking input data regions. We link equally high assumed prediction confidence value affection for iterative component search to highly logical IF signal to prediction causation. The affection of amplitude variance and a limited set of subsequent fast-time blocks shows weaker causation, still considered logical if the neural network can separate observations in representation distributions for varying distance and angle combination sets. The random inductively biased convolutions show illogical causation. They rely on direct IF signal features. Affection by a limited number of antennas indicates reliance on features with inadequate separation ability along angles at appropriate resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101584"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Internet of Things","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542660525000976","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Use of millimeter and terahertz spectra for communication is very sensitive to obstacles blocking signal beam paths. Beam angle codebook values can be adapted to control beam operation angles for blockage prevention, but this requires prediction of beam paths that are blocked. The performance of the prediction pipeline may be affected by domain factors such as physical characteristics of an operation environment and a specific blocker. This can be illustrated by artificially introducing domain factor shifts between training and test data subsets where a specific domain factor is left out of the training subset. Our experiments reveal significant performance drops in the blockage prediction performance on left-out test subset folds that contain all the samples of a specific domain factor. Thus, the prediction pipeline must employ effective domain shift mitigation techniques to attain consistent prediction performance in different domains. Pipeline performance should be supported by logical input data to prediction causation. We quantify causation by means of Shapley importance values with input regions attributable to signal aspects such as linear array antennas. Shapley importance results show high neural network prediction confidence value affection for amplitude variance and a limited set of subsequent fast-time blocks. Random inductively biased convolutions affection differs in a limited number of spatially separated antennas causing affection. Equally high prediction confidence value affection is assumed for iterative component search due to internal extraction mechanics and time complexity increases when zero-masking input data regions. We link equally high assumed prediction confidence value affection for iterative component search to highly logical IF signal to prediction causation. The affection of amplitude variance and a limited set of subsequent fast-time blocks shows weaker causation, still considered logical if the neural network can separate observations in representation distributions for varying distance and angle combination sets. The random inductively biased convolutions show illogical causation. They rely on direct IF signal features. Affection by a limited number of antennas indicates reliance on features with inadequate separation ability along angles at appropriate resolution.

Abstract Image

求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Internet of Things
Internet of Things Multiple-
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
5.10%
发文量
115
审稿时长
37 days
期刊介绍: Internet of Things; Engineering Cyber Physical Human Systems is a comprehensive journal encouraging cross collaboration between researchers, engineers and practitioners in the field of IoT & Cyber Physical Human Systems. The journal offers a unique platform to exchange scientific information on the entire breadth of technology, science, and societal applications of the IoT. The journal will place a high priority on timely publication, and provide a home for high quality. Furthermore, IOT is interested in publishing topical Special Issues on any aspect of IOT.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信