Rapid hemostatic and bio-adhesive polyphenol powders with physiological extreme condition-tolerance for noncompressible wound healing

Abstract

Bleeding and infection in non-compressible wounds increase the risks of hemorrhagic shock or even death. However, current hemostatic materials lack sufficient bioadhesive capability to effectively stop bleeding, especially in extreme environments such as intestinal fluids and urine. Here, a sprayable bioadhesive hemostasis powder (GQT) was developed, which could adapt to non-compressible wounds for rapid hemostasis and wound healing. The GQT powder utilized catechol-rich tannic acid (TA) as a cross-linking agent to break the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of gelatin (Gel) and quaternized chitosan (QCS) chains, allowing the powder to exhibit high liquid absorption ability when in contact with blood. Furthermore, the GQT powder promoted the adhesion and aggregation of platelets while regulated coagulation pathways to achieve rapid hemostasis. The GQT powder also possessed antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties. Taken together, the GQT powder could serve as an effective hemostatic material for controlling non-compressible wounds, preventing bacterial infection, and accelerating wound healing.