Prevalence and characteristics of molar incisor hypomineralization in the children aged 7-11 years residing in Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India.

Abstract

Context: Most prevalence studies on molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) have been carried out in European countries. Especially in Gujarat, there is a dearth of studies regarding MIH.

Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of MIH in children aged 7-11 years residing in Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India.

Settings and design: A cross-sectional survey including 1505 children of age 7-11 year residing in Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. Children with all first permanent molars (FPMs) present and with consent were included in the study. Children with missing either molar or incisor and children absent on examination were excluded.

Subjects and methods: A full-mouth oral examination (using regular tap water gargles) including all permanent incisors and all FPMs was done under the natural daylight, and the scores were recorded as per the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria of MIH given by Weerheijm in 2003.

Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (IBM Corp) (v. 21.0). Chi-square test of proportion was performed to assess significant differences. All statistical tests were performed at 95% confidence intervals. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Prevalence of MIH was found 2.45% in Bhavnagar. Females (59.5%) were more affected than males (40.5%). Odds ratio of occurrence of MIH in children of Bhavnagar city among teeth with and without MIH was 27.61%.

Conclusions: The prevalence of MIH in Bhavnagar was 2.45% according to the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria of MIH by Weerheijm given in 2003.