A qualitative study of music-based intervention use for Alzheimer's disease in elder care communities.

Abstract

Background: Because Music Based Interventions (MBIs) are not standard of care for Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease related dementias (AD/ADRD), it is likely that the application of them in different care communities differs widely. Additionally, there is no standardized use of personalized music listening and group music activities.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the current use of music in long-term care communities, to identify trends and patterns of music use and record the observed benefits that music use provides.

Methods: This study utilized a qualitative research approach using semi-structured interviews with care community staff and care community observations to examine the role that music played as a therapeutic tool for individuals with AD/ADRD living in care communities.

Results: Five different communities were visited and observed. Of the five communities visited, interviews were conducted at four communities. One community did not participate in the interviews due to scheduling conflicts. Two staff members were interviewed at each participating community resulting in eight total interviews.

Conclusions: The results of this qualitative survey of care communities suggests that staff members believe that music use has beneficial effects for residents living with AD/ADRD. Music is economical, easily accessible, and very adaptable. Music can be used in a broad range of situations to improve the quality of life for both residents and staff in care communities. Music use can be active or passive, it can be used by an individual or a group to excite and engage or to calm and soothe.