Association of Serum Gamma Glutamyl Transferase with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder resulting in adverse consequences on both maternal and fetal outcome. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus by inducing insulin resistance in the peripheral tissue and impairing insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cell. Serum gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) plays an important role in oxidative stress and recently it has been recognized as a marker of oxidative stress. GGT can be used as an indicator of the GDM. High level of GGT is a new risk factor for GDM, which is cheap, rapid and easily available parameter for monitoring the GDM patients. This case control study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh from May 2019 to February 2020. A total of 76 pregnant women were enrolled in this study, out of which 38 women with GDM was considered as Group A and rest 38 women with normal pregnancy was considered as Group B. Gamma glutamyl transferase concentration was measured in all the study subjects. Statistical analysis of the results was obtained by using Microsoft Excel and Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-22.0). The mean GGT was 25.0±7.46U/L with ranged from 13-41U/L in Group A and 12.95±3.23U/L with range from 7-19U/L in Group B. The difference was statistically significant between two groups. A positive significant Pearson's correlation was found between FBS and GGT in Group A. There was also positive significant Pearson's correlation found between 2 hours ABF with GGT in Group A. In Group A serum GGT level >16U/L had 4.42 times significantly increased to develop GDM. GGT was higher in GDM group than normal pregnancy. Monitoring GGT levels in pregnancy may help to identify women with increased risk of developing GDM.