Nano-delivery of STING agonists: Unraveling the potential of immunotherapy

IF 9.4 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Acta Biomaterialia Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI:10.1016/j.actbio.2025.03.054

Meng Zhang , Yating Ji , Mingxia Liu , Yixin Dai , Hongxia Zhang , Shiyu Tong , Yuqing Cai , Mengjiao Liu , Na Qu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The cyclic GMP-AMP synthetase-interferon gene stimulator (cGAS-STING) pathway possesses tremendous potential in immune responses, viral defense, and anti-tumor treatment. Currently, an increasing number of nanocarriers are being engineered to convey STING agonists, with the goal of booSTING the conveying capacity of cGAS-STING agonists and augment the therapeutic potency of STING agonists. In this review, we explore the mechanisms of cGAS-STING activators, the application of different nanocarriers in the STING pathway, and the application of nanocarriers in anti-tumor therapy, antiviral therapy and autoimmune diseases. Additionally, we also discuss the adverse effects of STING pathway activation and the challenges encountered in nano delivery, we hope that future research will delve into the development of new nanocarriers and the clinical translation of nanocarriers in STING-mediated immunotherapy.

Statement of significance

The cyclic GMP-AMP synthetase-interferon gene stimulator (cGAS-STING) pathway possesses tremendous potential in immune responses, viral defense, and anti-tumor treatment. In this review, we first explore the activation mechanism of cGAS-STING signal pathway and the diverse array of nanocarriers that have been employed in the context of the STING pathway, such as natural carrier, lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and inorganic nanoparticles, highlighting their unique properties and the challenges they present in clinical applications. Furthermore, we discuss the research progress regarding nanocarriers in STING-mediated immunotherapy, such as the application of nanocarriers in anti-tumor therapy, antiviral therapy and autoimmune diseases therapy. Finally, the side effects of STING pathway activation and the issues encountered in nano delivery will be discussed, hoping that future research will delve into the development of new nanocarriers and the clinical translation of nanocarriers in STING-mediated immunotherapy.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

STING激动剂的纳米递送：揭示免疫治疗的潜力。

环GMP-AMP合成酶-干扰素基因刺激因子（cGAS-STING）通路在免疫应答、病毒防御和抗肿瘤治疗等方面具有巨大的潜力。目前，越来越多的纳米载体被设计用于输送STING激动剂，目的是提高cGAS-STING激动剂的输送能力，增强STING激动剂的治疗效力。本文就cGAS-STING激活剂的作用机制、不同纳米载体在STING通路中的应用、纳米载体在抗肿瘤治疗、抗病毒治疗和自身免疫性疾病中的应用等方面进行综述。此外，我们还讨论了STING通路激活的不良影响和纳米递送中遇到的挑战，我们希望未来的研究将深入研究新的纳米载体的开发和纳米载体在STING介导的免疫治疗中的临床转化。意义声明：环GMP-AMP合成酶-干扰素基因刺激因子（cGAS-STING）通路在免疫应答、病毒防御和抗肿瘤治疗方面具有巨大的潜力。在这篇综述中，我们首先探讨了cGAS-STING信号通路的激活机制，以及在STING通路中使用的各种纳米载体，如天然载体、脂质纳米颗粒、聚合物纳米颗粒和无机纳米颗粒，强调了它们的独特性质和它们在临床应用中面临的挑战。此外，我们还讨论了纳米载体在sting介导的免疫治疗中的研究进展，如纳米载体在抗肿瘤治疗、抗病毒治疗和自身免疫性疾病治疗中的应用。最后，讨论了STING通路激活的副作用和纳米递送中遇到的问题，希望未来的研究能够深入到新的纳米载体的开发和纳米载体在STING介导的免疫治疗中的临床转化。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Acta Biomaterialia 工程技术-材料科学：生物材料

CiteScore

16.80

自引率

3.10%

发文量

776

审稿时长

30 days

期刊介绍： Acta Biomaterialia is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier. The journal was established in January 2005. The editor-in-chief is W.R. Wagner (University of Pittsburgh). The journal covers research in biomaterials science, including the interrelationship of biomaterial structure and function from macroscale to nanoscale. Topical coverage includes biomedical and biocompatible materials.