Acute hand dystonia and action myoclonus unveiling diabetic striatopathy: The critical role of hyperglycemia.

IF 1.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Subhankar Chatterjee, Ritwik Ghosh, Shambaditya Das, Samya Sengupta, Debaleena Mukherjee, Alak Pandit, Rana Bhattacharjee, Julián Benito-León, Souvik Dubey
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Abstract

Background: Diabetic striatopathy is a rare complication of diabetes mellitus characterised by movement disorders secondary to hyperglycemia. While most commonly associated with chorea and ballism, it may also present with other hyperkinetic manifestations, including, albeit rarely, isolated dystonia and myoclonus. We report a case of a patient with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus who developed acute hand dystonia and action myoclonus, highlighting the broader spectrum of hyperglycemia-induced movement disorders.

Case report: A 64-year-old male with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with acute dystonic posturing of the right hand and action myoclonus of the right forearm. On admission, his blood glucose was 648 mg/dL, with a glycated hemoglobin of 13.5%. Neurological examination revealed these motor abnormalities, while brain magnetic resonance imaging showed global cortical atrophy without acute lesions. Following the initiation of insulin therapy, abnormal movement disorders resolved within 6 h as blood glucose levels decreased to 253 mg/dL.

Discussion: This case highlights the importance of prompt recognition and treatment of hyperglycemia in patients with new-onset movement disorders. Diabetic striatopathy should be considered in the differential diagnosis, even in the absence of chorea or ballism, as glycemic control can lead to rapid symptom resolution. Although isolated dystonia and myoclonus in diabetic striatopathy are rare, their occurrence broadens the spectrum of hyperglycemia-induced movement disorders. Early diagnosis and management of hyperglycemia are essential for optimising patient outcomes. Further research is needed to characterise the spectrum and underlying mechanisms of diabetic striatopathy fully.

急性手肌张力障碍和运动性肌阵挛揭示了糖尿病纹状体病:高血糖的关键作用。
背景:糖尿病纹状体病是一种罕见的糖尿病并发症,其特征是继发于高血糖的运动障碍。虽然最常与舞蹈病和肾小球症相关,但它也可能表现为其他多运动表现,包括孤立性肌张力障碍和肌阵挛,尽管罕见。我们报告一例控制不良的糖尿病患者发展为急性手部肌张力障碍和运动性肌阵挛,突出高血糖引起的更广泛的运动障碍。病例报告:64岁男性2型糖尿病患者,表现为急性右手张力障碍和右前臂肌阵挛。入院时,血糖为648 mg/dL,糖化血红蛋白为13.5%。神经学检查显示这些运动异常,而脑磁共振成像显示全局皮质萎缩,无急性病变。胰岛素治疗开始后,异常运动障碍在6小时内消失,血糖水平降至253 mg/dL。讨论:本病例强调了对新发运动障碍患者及时识别和治疗高血糖的重要性。糖尿病纹状体病应考虑在鉴别诊断中,即使没有舞蹈病或肾小球,因为血糖控制可导致症状迅速缓解。虽然糖尿病纹状体病中孤立的肌张力障碍和肌阵挛很少见,但它们的发生拓宽了高血糖引起的运动障碍的范围。早期诊断和治疗高血糖对于优化患者预后至关重要。需要进一步的研究来充分描述糖尿病纹状体病的频谱和潜在机制。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
81
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (JRCPE) is the College’s quarterly, peer-reviewed journal, with an international circulation of 8,000. It has three main emphases – clinical medicine, education and medical history. The online JRCPE provides full access to the contents of the print journal and has a number of additional features including advance online publication of recently accepted papers, an online archive, online-only papers, online symposia abstracts, and a series of topic-specific supplements, primarily based on the College’s consensus conferences.
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