{"title":"Active breathing pulses induced by the periodic loss in a passive mode-locked laser.","authors":"Jialong Feng, Zhenzhu Zhang, Jiajun Wei, Yueqing Du, Chao Zeng, Dong Mao, Jianlin Zhao","doi":"10.1364/OL.554512","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The breather is an important emerging topic in nonlinear optics. In fiber lasers, the breather is generally achieved by tuning the loss of the laser system to search for the proper Hopf-bifurcation route. Here, we propose a simple and reliable method to generate breathing pulses, i.e., to introduce a controlled periodic transmittance, i.e., a periodic loss, within the laser that drives the mode-locked pulses to produce a synchronous periodic evolution. Therefore, we name this type of pulse as active breathing pulses. Experimental results show that the characteristic parameters of the active breathing pulses, e.g., the breathing ratio and breathing frequency, can be accurately controlled by the modulation depth and modulation frequency of the periodic transmittance introduced by the electro-optical modulator (EOM). Numerical simulations can reproduce the experimental phenomena. Our work not only gives a new, to the best of our knowledge, approach to modulate the characteristics of the breather but is also promising for the discovery of novel Hopf-bifurcation phenomena and soliton patterns in a periodically varying system.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 7","pages":"2326-2329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optics letters","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.554512","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OPTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The breather is an important emerging topic in nonlinear optics. In fiber lasers, the breather is generally achieved by tuning the loss of the laser system to search for the proper Hopf-bifurcation route. Here, we propose a simple and reliable method to generate breathing pulses, i.e., to introduce a controlled periodic transmittance, i.e., a periodic loss, within the laser that drives the mode-locked pulses to produce a synchronous periodic evolution. Therefore, we name this type of pulse as active breathing pulses. Experimental results show that the characteristic parameters of the active breathing pulses, e.g., the breathing ratio and breathing frequency, can be accurately controlled by the modulation depth and modulation frequency of the periodic transmittance introduced by the electro-optical modulator (EOM). Numerical simulations can reproduce the experimental phenomena. Our work not only gives a new, to the best of our knowledge, approach to modulate the characteristics of the breather but is also promising for the discovery of novel Hopf-bifurcation phenomena and soliton patterns in a periodically varying system.
期刊介绍:
The Optical Society (OSA) publishes high-quality, peer-reviewed articles in its portfolio of journals, which serve the full breadth of the optics and photonics community.
Optics Letters offers rapid dissemination of new results in all areas of optics with short, original, peer-reviewed communications. Optics Letters covers the latest research in optical science, including optical measurements, optical components and devices, atmospheric optics, biomedical optics, Fourier optics, integrated optics, optical processing, optoelectronics, lasers, nonlinear optics, optical storage and holography, optical coherence, polarization, quantum electronics, ultrafast optical phenomena, photonic crystals, and fiber optics. Criteria used in determining acceptability of contributions include newsworthiness to a substantial part of the optics community and the effect of rapid publication on the research of others. This journal, published twice each month, is where readers look for the latest discoveries in optics.