Parminder Singh, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Roopashree R, Mandeep Kaur, Manish Srivastava, Amit Barwal, G V Siva Rajput, Pranchal Rajput, Rukshar Syed, Gajendra Sharma, Sunil Kumar, Muhammed Shabil, Sakshi Pandey, Manvinder Brar, Ganesh Bushi, Rachana Mehta, Sanjit Sah, Khang Wen Goh, Prakasini Satapathy, Abhay M Gaidhane, Shailesh Kumar Samal
{"title":"Advancements and challenges in personalized neoantigen-based cancer vaccines.","authors":"Parminder Singh, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Roopashree R, Mandeep Kaur, Manish Srivastava, Amit Barwal, G V Siva Rajput, Pranchal Rajput, Rukshar Syed, Gajendra Sharma, Sunil Kumar, Muhammed Shabil, Sakshi Pandey, Manvinder Brar, Ganesh Bushi, Rachana Mehta, Sanjit Sah, Khang Wen Goh, Prakasini Satapathy, Abhay M Gaidhane, Shailesh Kumar Samal","doi":"10.3389/or.2025.1541326","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advancements in personalized neoantigen-based cancer vaccines are ushering in a new era in oncology, targeting unique genetic alterations within tumors to enhance treatment precision and efficacy. Neoantigens, specific to cancer cells and absent in normal tissues, are at the heart of these vaccines, promising to direct the immune system specifically against the tumor, thereby maximizing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. The identification of neoantigens through genomic and proteomic technologies is central to developing these vaccines, allowing for the precise mapping of a tumor's mutational landscape. Despite advancements, accurately predicting which neoantigens will elicit strong immune responses remains challenging due to tumor variability and the complexity of immune system interactions. This necessitates further refinement of bioinformatics tools and predictive models. Moreover, the efficacy of these vaccines heavily depends on innovative delivery methods that enhance neoantigen presentation to the immune system. Techniques like encapsulating neoantigens in lipid nanoparticles and using viral vectors are critical for improving vaccine stability and delivery. Additionally, these vaccines contribute towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3.8, promoting universal health coverage by advancing access to safe and effective cancer treatments. This review delves into the potential of neoantigen-based vaccines to transform cancer treatment, examining both revolutionary advancements and the ongoing challenges they face.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"19 ","pages":"1541326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949952/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Oncology Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/or.2025.1541326","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Advancements in personalized neoantigen-based cancer vaccines are ushering in a new era in oncology, targeting unique genetic alterations within tumors to enhance treatment precision and efficacy. Neoantigens, specific to cancer cells and absent in normal tissues, are at the heart of these vaccines, promising to direct the immune system specifically against the tumor, thereby maximizing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. The identification of neoantigens through genomic and proteomic technologies is central to developing these vaccines, allowing for the precise mapping of a tumor's mutational landscape. Despite advancements, accurately predicting which neoantigens will elicit strong immune responses remains challenging due to tumor variability and the complexity of immune system interactions. This necessitates further refinement of bioinformatics tools and predictive models. Moreover, the efficacy of these vaccines heavily depends on innovative delivery methods that enhance neoantigen presentation to the immune system. Techniques like encapsulating neoantigens in lipid nanoparticles and using viral vectors are critical for improving vaccine stability and delivery. Additionally, these vaccines contribute towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3.8, promoting universal health coverage by advancing access to safe and effective cancer treatments. This review delves into the potential of neoantigen-based vaccines to transform cancer treatment, examining both revolutionary advancements and the ongoing challenges they face.
期刊介绍:
Oncology Reviews is a quarterly peer-reviewed, international journal that publishes authoritative state-of-the-art reviews on preclinical and clinical aspects of oncology. The journal will provide up-to-date information on the latest achievements in different fields of oncology for both practising clinicians and basic researchers. Oncology Reviews aims at being international in scope and readership, as reflected also by its Editorial Board, gathering the world leading experts in both pre-clinical research and everyday clinical practice. The journal is open for publication of supplements, monothematic issues and for publishing abstracts of scientific meetings; conditions can be obtained from the Editor-in-Chief or the publisher.