Coil occlusion combined with sclerotherapy versus N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate embolization in patients with pelvic venous disorders: a single-center retrospective study.

Abstract

Background: Pelvic venous disorder (PeVD) is increasingly diagnosed with different modalities of treatment.

Methods: This is a retrospective study in which we compared using metallic coil combined with sclerosant foam and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate in female patients with PeVD in terms of clinical and technical success as well as safety. Adult patients with symptoms suggestive of primary PeVD and confirmed with Doppler ultrasound examination and/or venography were eligible for the study. Secondary PeVD and lost follow-up were excluded.

Results: This study included 167 patients who were treated with coil and sclerotherapy (n = 87; group I) or N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (n = 80; group II) embolization. Immediate postoperative veins' closure was achieved in all patients in the two groups. At the 6-month follow-up, there was a statistically significantly higher occlusion rate in group I (100% compared with 93.8% in group II, P = .018) with five new cases of recanalization. The 6-month visual analog scale score was lower in group I (median of 1 and mean of 1.14 ± 0.904) than group II (median of 2 and mean of 1.7 ± 1.32), with a statistically significant difference (P = .005).

Conclusions: The study emphasizes the potential advantages of the sclerosant foam and metallic coil combination in achieving favorable outcomes for patients with PeVD.