Mite Infestation on Rattus tanezum rats in southwest China concerning risk models.

IF 2.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Frontiers in Veterinary Science Pub Date : 2025-03-14 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fvets.2025.1519188
Ru-Jin Liu, Xian-Guo Guo, Pei-Ying Peng, Yan Lv, Peng-Wu Yin, Wen-Yu Song, Rong Xiang, Yan-Ling Chen, Bei Li, Dao-Chao Jin
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: The Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi) is an important infectious source and reservoir host for many zoonotic diseases, and its associated mites (chigger mites and gamasid mites) can act as vectors for these diseases. The present study aimed to elucidate the infestation patterns and related ecology of the mites on the body surface of R. tanezumi in southwest China and explore relevant risk models.

Methods: Field surveys and taxonomic identification of the mites were conducted across five provincial regions in southwest China between 2001 and 2022. The constituent ratio (Cr ), prevalence (Pm ), mean abundance (MA), and mean intensity (MI) were calculated to reflect the mite infestation status. The species richness index (Mf ), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (), Pielou's evenness (E), and Simpson's dominance index (D) were used to analyze the mite communities. A multiple logistic regression model was employed to identify potential risk factors associated with the mite infestation. The "corrplot" R software (version 4.3.1) package was used to analyze interspecific relationships among some mite species.

Results: A total of 75,023 mites were collected from 3,114 R. tanezumi rats, representing 12 families, 46 genera, and 252 species. Among these, 173 were the chigger mite species and 79 were the gamasid mite species. The species richness and community diversity of the chigger mites were higher than those of the gamasid mites, but the infestation indexes of the gamasid mites on the rats were higher than those of the chigger mites. Several vector mite species co-existed on R. tanezumi, with Laelaps nuttalli, L. echidninus, and Leptotrombidium deliense identified as the three dominant mite species, exhibiting high infestation indexes. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the mite infestation was influenced by a series of environmental factors and host-related factors (potential risk factors), with temperature and relative humidity identified as the most important risk factors. The impact of these potential risk factors on the infestation of a single mite group (chigger mites or gamasid mites) was different from the impact on the co-infestation of both mite groups together. Based on the logistic regression analysis, three predictive models were developed to predict the risk probability of each R. tanezumi rat being infested with chigger mites alone, gamasid mites alone, and both mite groups together. A positive correlation existed between any two of the following species: L. deliense, L. rubellum, and L. imphalum.

Conclusion: Rattus tanezumi rats are highly susceptible to mite infestation, hosting a variety of mite species and multiple vector mite species. The presence of multiple vector mite species on these rats increases the potential risk of transmission and persistence of related zoonotic diseases. A series of environmental factors and host factors, especially temperature and relative humidity, can influence mite infestation. The predictive models developed can estimate the likelihood of each rat being infested with mites. Some mite species show a preference for co-existing on R. tanezumi.

西南地区褐家鼠螨害及其风险模型研究
目的:亚洲家鼠(Rattus tanezumi)是许多人畜共患疾病的重要传染源和宿主,其伴生螨(恙螨和革螨)可作为这些疾病的媒介。本研究旨在阐明中国西南地区黄胸鼠体表螨的侵害模式及相关生态学,并探讨相关风险模型。方法:2001 - 2022年对西南5省区螨类进行实地调查和分类鉴定。计算构成比(Cr)、流行率(Pm)、平均丰度(MA)和平均强度(MI),反映螨害状况。利用物种丰富度指数(Mf)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H´)、Pielou均匀度指数(E)和Simpson优势度指数(D)对螨类群落进行分析。采用多元logistic回归模型识别与螨害相关的潜在危险因素。采用“corrplot”R软件(4.3.1版)对部分螨种间的种间关系进行了分析。结果:共采集棕尾鼠3114只,螨类75023只,隶属12科46属252种。其中恙螨173种,革螨79种。恙螨的物种丰富度和群落多样性高于革螨,但革螨对大鼠的侵害指数高于革螨。恙螨孳生多种媒介螨种,以褐褐螨、针毛螨和斑点细恙螨为优势种,具有较高的侵害指数。多元logistic回归分析表明,螨害受一系列环境因素和宿主相关因素(潜在危险因素)的影响,其中温度和相对湿度是最重要的危险因素。这些潜在危险因素对单螨群(恙螨或革螨)侵染的影响不同于对两种螨群共同侵染的影响。在logistic回归分析的基础上,建立了3种预测模型,分别预测单恙螨、单革螨和两种螨类共同侵染的风险概率。L. deliense、L. rubellum和L. imphalum之间存在正相关关系。结论:黄家鼠对螨害高度敏感,携带多种螨种和多种媒介螨种。这些大鼠身上存在多种媒介螨,增加了相关人畜共患疾病传播和持续存在的潜在风险。一系列的环境因素和寄主因素,尤其是温度和相对湿度,都会影响螨的侵害。开发的预测模型可以估计每只老鼠被螨虫感染的可能性。部分螨种倾向于在黄足鼠上共存。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
Frontiers in Veterinary Science Veterinary-General Veterinary
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
9.40%
发文量
1870
审稿时长
14 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Veterinary Science is a global, peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that bridges animal and human health, brings a comparative approach to medical and surgical challenges, and advances innovative biotechnology and therapy. Veterinary research today is interdisciplinary, collaborative, and socially relevant, transforming how we understand and investigate animal health and disease. Fundamental research in emerging infectious diseases, predictive genomics, stem cell therapy, and translational modelling is grounded within the integrative social context of public and environmental health, wildlife conservation, novel biomarkers, societal well-being, and cutting-edge clinical practice and specialization. Frontiers in Veterinary Science brings a 21st-century approach—networked, collaborative, and Open Access—to communicate this progress and innovation to both the specialist and to the wider audience of readers in the field. Frontiers in Veterinary Science publishes articles on outstanding discoveries across a wide spectrum of translational, foundational, and clinical research. The journal''s mission is to bring all relevant veterinary sciences together on a single platform with the goal of improving animal and human health.
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