ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE OSTIOMEATAL COMPLEX AND THEIR IMPACT ON COMPLICATIONS IN DENTAL IMPLANTATION.

Abstract

The anatomical structure of the ostiomeatal complex (OMC) plays a crucial role in the success of dental implantation procedures, particularly in the maxillary region. This study examines the anatomical variations of the OMC and their impact on postoperative complications in dental implantation. A total of 400 spiral computed tomography (CT) scans of patients aged 18 to 95 years were analyzed to assess key anatomical structures, including the maxillary sinus, concha bullosa, uncinate processes, and sinus ostium dimensions. Findings revealed significant anatomical variability, with concha bullosa observed in 33.2% of cases, uncinate process variations in 31.6%, and a narrowed maxillary sinus ostium in 6.25% of cases. These structural differences were found to influence sinus ventilation and drainage, thereby increasing the risk of postoperative complications such as sinusitis and impaired osseointegration. Statistical analysis highlighted strong correlations between sinus volume, bone thickness, and OMC components, reinforcing the need for thorough preoperative assessment. The study underscores the importance of personalized surgical planning and advanced imaging techniques in mitigating complications and optimizing dental implantation outcomes.