Medicines not recommended for inclusion in the who essential medicines list: a retrospective observational study.

IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Frontiers in Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-17 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fmed.2025.1517020
Enrico Costa, Vittorio Del Grosso, Bernadette Cappello, Armando A Genazzani, Benedikt Huttner, Hubert G M Leufkens, Nicola Magrini, Francesco Nonino, Veronika J Wirtz, Hendrika A van den Ham, Lorenzo Moja
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (EML) includes those medicines that offer the best health payback for individuals and health systems. It serves as a guide for countries to develop and update national EMLs. The implementation of essential medicines policies is therefore mostly oriented to medicines on the EML. However, medicines evaluated and not recommended for inclusion in the EML also have relevant implications for development of efficient medicine policies. This study analyzed the characteristics, frequencies, and reasons for applications for medicines proposed for inclusion in the WHO EML not being recommended.

Methods: Assessment of the recommendations for all medicines proposed for inclusion in the WHO EML in reports of the Expert Committee on Selection and Use of Essential Medicines in the WHO Technical Reports Series from 2002 to 2023. We collected key information from EML applications including active substance, therapeutic indication, orphan status, applicant, and reasons for negative recommendations. Logistic univariate and multivariate regression analyses assessed predictive characteristics for applications with negative recommendations.

Results: A total of 359 applications for addition of new medicines to the EML were submitted: 211 (58.8%) received a positive recommendation. Among the 148 (41.2%) applications with a negative recommendation, the most prevalent reasons for not recommending were quality of clinical evidence (62.1%) and economic criteria (33.1%). Concerns about capacity to implement the new medicines in health care systems or requiring specialized expertise increased over time. Applications submitted by pharmaceutical companies, individuals not affiliated with scientific societies or non-governmental organizations, and academia were more prone to receiving a negative recommendation.

Discussion: An appreciable proportion of applications for addition of new medicines to the EML are not recommended. Over time, low or limited quality of clinical evidence was a consistent explanatory reason leading to non-recommending. Economic considerations and feasibility are emerging justifications for non-recommending.

不建议列入世卫组织基本药物清单的药物:一项回顾性观察性研究。
背景:世卫组织基本药物标准清单(EML)包括那些为个人和卫生系统提供最佳健康回报的药物。它是各国制定和更新国家eml的指南。因此,基本药物政策的实施主要针对基本药物清单上的药物。然而,经评估而不建议纳入基本药物清单的药物也对制定有效的药物政策具有相关影响。本研究分析了未被推荐纳入世卫组织基本药物清单的药物申请的特征、频率和原因。方法:评估2002年至2023年世卫组织技术报告系列中基本药物选择和使用专家委员会报告中提议纳入世卫组织基本药物清单的所有药物的建议。我们收集了EML申请的关键信息,包括活性物质、治疗适应症、孤儿状态、申请人和负面推荐的原因。Logistic单变量和多变量回归分析评估了负面推荐应用程序的预测特征。结果:共有359个新药申请加入EML,其中211个(58.8%)获得积极推荐。在148份(41.2%)不推荐的申请中,不推荐的主要原因是临床证据质量(62.1%)和经济标准(33.1%)。随着时间的推移,人们越来越关注卫生保健系统实施新药的能力或需要专门知识的问题。制药公司、与科学学会或非政府组织无关的个人以及学术界提交的申请更容易收到负面推荐。讨论:不推荐相当比例的申请将新药添加到基本药物清单中。随着时间的推移,低质量或有限质量的临床证据是导致不推荐的一致解释原因。经济方面的考虑和可行性正在成为不推荐的理由。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Medicine
Frontiers in Medicine Medicine-General Medicine
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
5.10%
发文量
3710
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Medicine publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research linking basic research to clinical practice and patient care, as well as translating scientific advances into new therapies and diagnostic tools. Led by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts, this multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide. In addition to papers that provide a link between basic research and clinical practice, a particular emphasis is given to studies that are directly relevant to patient care. In this spirit, the journal publishes the latest research results and medical knowledge that facilitate the translation of scientific advances into new therapies or diagnostic tools. The full listing of the Specialty Sections represented by Frontiers in Medicine is as listed below. As well as the established medical disciplines, Frontiers in Medicine is launching new sections that together will facilitate - the use of patient-reported outcomes under real world conditions - the exploitation of big data and the use of novel information and communication tools in the assessment of new medicines - the scientific bases for guidelines and decisions from regulatory authorities - access to medicinal products and medical devices worldwide - addressing the grand health challenges around the world
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