Ecotoxicity of fungal-synthesized silver nanoparticles: mechanisms, impacts, and sustainable mitigation strategies.

IF 2.6 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

3 Biotech Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-28 DOI:10.1007/s13205-025-04266-w

Himanshu Jangid, Gaurav Kumar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The review investigates the ecotoxicological implications of fungal-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), focusing on their behavior, transformations, and impacts across aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Advanced techniques, such as Single-Particle ICP-MS and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, reveal the persistence and biotransformation of AgNPs, including silver ion (Ag⁺) release and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The review highlights species-specific bio-accumulation pathways in algae, soil microbes, invertebrates, and vertebrates, along with the limited biomagnification potential within trophic levels. Long-term exposure to AgNPs leads to reduced soil fertility, altered microbial communities, and inhibited plant growth, raising significant ecological concerns. Sustainable mitigation strategies, including bioremediation and advanced filtration systems, are proposed to reduce the environmental risks of AgNPs. This comprehensive analysis provides a framework for future ecological studies and regulatory measures, balancing the technological benefits of fungal-synthesized AgNPs with their environmental safety.

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这篇综述探讨了真菌合成的纳米银粒子（AgNPs）的生态毒理学影响，重点是它们在水生和陆地生态系统中的行为、转化和影响。单颗粒 ICP-MS 和纳米颗粒跟踪分析等先进技术揭示了 AgNPs 的持久性和生物转化，包括银离子 (Ag⁺) 释放和活性氧 (ROS) 生成。综述强调了藻类、土壤微生物、无脊椎动物和脊椎动物中特定物种的生物累积途径，以及营养级内有限的生物放大潜力。长期接触 AgNPs 会导致土壤肥力下降、微生物群落改变和植物生长受抑制，从而引发重大生态问题。本文提出了包括生物修复和先进过滤系统在内的可持续缓解策略，以降低 AgNPs 的环境风险。这项综合分析为未来的生态研究和监管措施提供了一个框架，在真菌合成的 AgNPs 的技术优势和环境安全性之间取得了平衡。

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来源期刊

3 Biotech Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

314

期刊介绍： 3 Biotech publishes the results of the latest research related to the study and application of biotechnology to: - Medicine and Biomedical Sciences - Agriculture - The Environment The focus on these three technology sectors recognizes that complete Biotechnology applications often require a combination of techniques. 3 Biotech not only presents the latest developments in biotechnology but also addresses the problems and benefits of integrating a variety of techniques for a particular application. 3 Biotech will appeal to scientists and engineers in both academia and industry focused on the safe and efficient application of Biotechnology to Medicine, Agriculture and the Environment.