Ocimum tenuiflorum leaf-mediated graphitic carbon nitride and ZnO/GCN nanohybrid: a sustainable approach for environmental applications

IF 5.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Priyanka Panchal, Protima Rauwel, Sandeep Sharma, Satya Pal Nehra, Elias Estephan, Kristi Praakle, Erwan Rauwel
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Water contamination is a real concern, and safe water demand increases with the growing world population. The development of eco-friendly and cost-effective technologies that can clean water is necessary. This study investigates the bio-synthesis of pure graphitic carbon nitride nanoparticles (GCN-NPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), and ZnO-doped graphitic carbon nitride nanohybrids (ZnO/GCN-NHs) using Ocimum tenuiflorum (OT) leaf extract, with a focus on their potential applications in wastewater treatment, cytotoxicity assessment, and antibacterial activity. GCN synthesis using plant extract was never reported in previous studies. Under direct solar light photocatalytic performance of the synthesized NPs and NHs was tested on the degradation of methylene orange (MO) dye and compared. Among the samples, the ZnO/GCN-NHs (10 mg/100 mL) exhibits good photocatalytic activity, achieving up to 47.56% degradation in 150 min of MO dye. The cytotoxicity of the bio-synthesized NPs and NHs 50 µg/mL concentration was assessed against human dental pulp stem cells and these were found to be non-toxic, indicating their potential for biomedical applications. The antimicrobial properties were also assessed using well diffusion and disc diffusion tests against four bacterial strains, i.e., two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus dysgalactiae). The tests demonstrate significant antibacterial activity with an excellent inhibition radius against Escherichia coli 17.5 ± 1 mm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15.04 ± 1 mm, Staphylococcus aureus 27.5 ± 1 mm, and Streptococcus dysgalactiae 25 ± 1 mm. The enhanced photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties of the ZnO/GCN-NHs are hypothesized to be due to the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the combination of ZnO-NPs with biosynthesized GCN.

Graphical abstract

竹叶介导的石墨氮化碳和ZnO/GCN纳米杂化:一种可持续的环境应用方法。
水污染是一个真正的问题,随着世界人口的增长,对安全用水的需求也在增加。开发环境友好、成本效益高的净水技术是必要的。本文研究了以荆芥叶提取物为原料合成纯石墨氮化碳纳米颗粒(GCN-NPs)、氧化锌纳米颗粒(ZnO- nps)和掺杂ZnO的石墨氮化碳纳米杂化物(ZnO/GCN-NHs),并重点研究了它们在废水处理、细胞毒性评估和抗菌活性方面的潜在应用。利用植物提取物合成GCN在以往的研究中从未报道过。在太阳直射光催化下测试了合成的NPs和NHs对亚甲基橙(MO)染料的降解性能,并进行了比较。其中,ZnO/GCN-NHs (10 mg/100 mL)表现出良好的光催化活性,在150 min内对MO染料的降解率高达47.56%。生物合成的NPs和NHs浓度为50µg/mL,对人牙髓干细胞的细胞毒性进行了评估,发现它们是无毒的,这表明它们具有生物医学应用的潜力。还对四种细菌菌株进行了孔扩散和盘扩散试验,即两种革兰氏阴性菌株(大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌)和两种革兰氏阳性菌株(金黄色葡萄球菌和无乳链球菌)的抗菌性能进行了评估。对大肠杆菌(17.5±1 mm)、铜绿假单胞菌(15.04±1 mm)、金黄色葡萄球菌(27.5±1 mm)、乳糖分泌不良链球菌(25±1 mm)的抑制半径显著。据推测,ZnO/GCN- nhs的光催化和抗菌性能的增强是由于ZnO- nps与生物合成的GCN结合增加了活性氧(ROS)的产生。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
17.20%
发文量
6549
审稿时长
3.8 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Science and Pollution Research (ESPR) serves the international community in all areas of Environmental Science and related subjects with emphasis on chemical compounds. This includes: - Terrestrial Biology and Ecology - Aquatic Biology and Ecology - Atmospheric Chemistry - Environmental Microbiology/Biobased Energy Sources - Phytoremediation and Ecosystem Restoration - Environmental Analyses and Monitoring - Assessment of Risks and Interactions of Pollutants in the Environment - Conservation Biology and Sustainable Agriculture - Impact of Chemicals/Pollutants on Human and Animal Health It reports from a broad interdisciplinary outlook.
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