Hepatitis C in North Africa: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Genotypic Diversity, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

IF 1.1 Q4 VIROLOGY
Advances in Virology Pub Date : 2025-03-24 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1155/av/9927410
Samia Boukaira, Salma Madihi, Hind Bouafi, Zineb Rchiad, Bouchra Belkadi, Abdelouaheb Benani
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Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is implicated in carcinogenic infections like hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Given that no HCV vaccine is currently available, comprehensive epidemiological understanding is crucial for devising effective prevention strategies. In North Africa, existing data on HCV infection and HCV-associated HCC are frequently outdated or limited to specific populations. This systematic review aims to offer new insights into the epidemiology of HCV infection, HCV genotype distribution, and HCV-related HCC in this region. We collected data from electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, and public health reports between 1989 and 2023. We reported the studies carried out in each country in general populations and in groups exposed to HCV infection. Our results show that HCV prevalence varies from 0.5% to 4.61% among the general populations in North African countries. HCV genotype 1 remains the most dominant in the Greater Maghreb region, while genotype 4 is the most dominant in the Nile Valley region. HCC incidence varies between the five countries, and HCV is responsible for 60% of cases, with male dominance. Egypt had the highest number of deaths from HCV-associated HCC. Other factors such as HBV, diabetes, and alcohol use are also responsible for HCC in North Africa. Urban growth and socioeconomic changes have impacted HCV prevalence in the North African region, especially among rural populations, and introduced new risks, such as coinfections and Type 2 diabetes. Here, we propose some recommendations for HCV control and management by patient category in North Africa.

北非丙型肝炎:流行病学、基因型多样性和肝细胞癌的综合综述。
丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)与肝细胞癌(HCC)等致癌性感染有关。鉴于目前没有丙肝病毒疫苗,全面了解流行病学对于制定有效的预防战略至关重要。在北非,关于丙型肝炎病毒感染和丙型肝炎相关HCC的现有数据往往过时或仅限于特定人群。本系统综述旨在为该地区HCV感染流行病学、HCV基因型分布和HCV相关HCC提供新的见解。我们从电子数据库PubMed、ScienceDirect、ResearchGate、b谷歌Scholar和1989年至2023年的公共卫生报告中收集数据。我们报告了在每个国家的一般人群和暴露于HCV感染的人群中进行的研究。我们的研究结果显示,北非国家一般人群的HCV患病率从0.5%到4.61%不等。HCV基因型1在大马格里布地区仍然是最主要的,而基因型4在尼罗河谷地区是最主要的。HCC发病率在五个国家之间有所不同,HCV占60%,以男性为主。埃及的hcv相关HCC死亡人数最多。在北非,乙肝病毒、糖尿病和饮酒等其他因素也是导致HCC的原因。城市增长和社会经济变化影响了北非地区,特别是农村人口中丙型肝炎病毒的流行,并带来了新的风险,如合并感染和2型糖尿病。在此,我们就北非按患者类别控制和管理丙型肝炎病毒提出了一些建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
审稿时长
22 weeks
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