The consequences of flower colour polymorphism on the reproductive success of a neotropical deceptive orchid.

IF 4.2 3区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI:10.1111/plb.70020
B L Arida, F Pinheiro, L Laccetti, M G G Camargo, A V L Freitas, G Scopece
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Abstract

Deceptive plants often exhibit elevated levels of polymorphism. The basis of the association between flower polymorphism and deceptive strategies, however, remains unclear. Epidendrum fulgens, a Neotropical deceptive orchid pollinated by butterflies, has an unexplored intrapopulation flower colour polymorphism. Here, we investigate the consequences of this polymorphism on its reproductive success. We performed field and common garden experiments, aiming to detect pollinator-mediated selection strength and direction over time, and test whether the presence of multiple colour morphs increases species' reproductive success. In the field, we monitored plant reproductive success and floral morphology on two populations over two flowering seasons and performed selection gradient analyses. In the common garden, we assembled plots of cultivated plants with same and different flower colour individuals (i.e., mono- and polymorphic plots), exposed them to pollinators and monitored their reproductive success. In both sites we also monitored the local pollinator community. In the field, colour morphs performed equally, but we found coherences between morphological differentiation and the direction of selection, which was very dynamic. In the common garden, mono- and polymorphic plots also performed equally, with highly variable reproductive success over time. We also found a highly diverse pollinator community. Our results suggest that flower polymorphism in E. fulgens is maintained by a combination of factors, including varying pollinator-mediated selection, assortative mating due to differential pollinator preferences and different phenotype heritability. Natural selection varied across time and space, indicating a dynamic interplay between pollinators and flower morphs.

颜色多态性对新热带迷彩兰繁殖成功的影响。
具有欺骗性的植物常常表现出高水平的多态性。然而,花多态性与欺骗策略之间关系的基础仍不清楚。一种由蝴蝶传粉的新热带欺骗兰花,具有未被探索的种群内花色多态性。在这里,我们研究了这种多态性对其繁殖成功的影响。我们进行了田间和普通花园实验,旨在检测传粉媒介介导的选择强度和方向,并测试多种颜色变体的存在是否会增加物种的繁殖成功率。在野外,我们监测了两个种群在两个开花季节的植物繁殖成功率和花形态,并进行了选择梯度分析。在普通园林中,我们收集了具有相同和不同花色个体的栽培植物地块(即单一和多态地块),将它们暴露于传粉媒介并监测它们的繁殖成功率。在这两个地点,我们还监测了当地的传粉者群落。在野外,颜色变化表现相同,但我们发现形态分化和选择方向之间的一致性,这是非常动态的。在普通的花园中,单一和多态地块的表现也一样,随着时间的推移,繁殖成功率变化很大。我们还发现了一个高度多样化的传粉者群落。我们的研究结果表明,花的多态性是由多种因素共同维持的,包括不同传粉媒介的选择、不同传粉媒介偏好的分类交配和不同的表型遗传力。自然选择随时间和空间的变化而变化,表明传粉者和花的形态之间存在动态的相互作用。
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来源期刊
Plant Biology
Plant Biology 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
2.60%
发文量
109
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Plant Biology is an international journal of broad scope bringing together the different subdisciplines, such as physiology, molecular biology, cell biology, development, genetics, systematics, ecology, evolution, ecophysiology, plant-microbe interactions, and mycology. Plant Biology publishes original problem-oriented full-length research papers, short research papers, and review articles. Discussion of hot topics and provocative opinion articles are published under the heading Acute Views. From a multidisciplinary perspective, Plant Biology will provide a platform for publication, information and debate, encompassing all areas which fall within the scope of plant science.
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