Rapid Determination of 15 Herbicides in Blood and Soil by Direct Analysis in Real Time-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

IF 1.8 3区化学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI:10.1002/rcm.10023

Zhou Yuan, Zhang Ying, Hou Xiaolong, Xue Chenyu, Zhang Wenfang, Qiao Jing, Liu Hua, Zhang Wenjin, Guo Yizhu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Rationale

The rampant abuse of herbicides in agricultural practices has resulted in frequent incidents of both unintended and deliberate poisoning, posing dual threats to ecosystems and human health. This underscores an urgent need for efficient herbicide detection methods.

Methods

A direct analysis in real time coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (DART-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous detection of 15 herbicides in blood and soil. Systematic optimization of mass spectrometric parameters established optimal detection conditions in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, with the ion source temperature set at 450°C. Following liquid-liquid extraction of blood or soil samples, the processed supernatant was analyzed directly.

Results

The method demonstrated excellent linearity (R^² ≥ 0.99) across a wide concentration range. Sensitivity was validated with limits of detection (LODs) of 1–20 ng/mL in blood and 1–10 ng/g in soil, and limits of quantification (LOQs) of 1–50 ng/mL in blood and 1–20 ng/g in soil. Satisfactory recovery rates and controlled matrix effects met toxicological requirements. In 2024, the method was successfully applied to four real cases of herbicide poisoning.

Conclusions

This study established the first DART-MS/MS method for simultaneous analysis of 15 herbicides in biological (blood) and environmental (soil) matrices. The complete analytical workflow required only 20 minutes from sample preparation to detection, significantly advancing forensic applications of DART-MS/MSwhile providing a reliable technical solution for herbicide screening in forensic investigations.

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实时串联质谱直接分析快速测定血液和土壤中15种除草剂

在农业实践中普遍滥用除草剂，导致意外和故意中毒事件频繁发生，对生态系统和人类健康构成双重威胁。这表明迫切需要高效的除草剂检测方法。方法建立直接实时联用串联质谱法（DART-MS/MS）同时检测血液和土壤中15种除草剂的方法。系统优化质谱参数，建立多反应监测（MRM）模式下离子源温度为450℃的最佳检测条件。在对血液或土壤样品进行液-液萃取后，直接分析处理后的上清。结果该方法在较宽的浓度范围内线性良好（R²≥0.99）。检测限（LODs）在血液中为1 ~ 20 ng/mL，土壤中为1 ~ 10 ng/g，定量限（loq）在血液中为1 ~ 50 ng/mL，土壤中为1 ~ 20 ng/g。令人满意的回收率和可控的基质效应满足毒理学要求。2024年，该方法成功应用于4起除草剂中毒实际案例。结论建立了生物（血液）和环境（土壤）基质中15种除草剂的DART-MS/MS同时分析方法。从样品制备到检测，整个分析工作流程仅需20分钟，大大推进了DART-MS/ ms的法医应用，同时为法医调查中的除草剂筛选提供了可靠的技术解决方案。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 化学-分析化学

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

5.00%

发文量

219

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry is a journal whose aim is the rapid publication of original research results and ideas on all aspects of the science of gas-phase ions; it covers all the associated scientific disciplines. There is no formal limit on paper length ("rapid" is not synonymous with "brief"), but papers should be of a length that is commensurate with the importance and complexity of the results being reported. Contributions may be theoretical or practical in nature; they may deal with methods, techniques and applications, or with the interpretation of results; they may cover any area in science that depends directly on measurements made upon gaseous ions or that is associated with such measurements.