Mechanical properties of strip-like laminations made from hardwood

IF 2.4 3区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY
Simon Lux, Johannes Konnerth, Andreas Neumüller
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Abstract

The European Union pushes for a higher share of wood-based materials in the building sector. Consequently, making sufficient volumes of high-quality wood available is a major concern. Climate-driven forest conversion leads to an increasing share of hardwood trees in Central European forests. The use of hardwood species is currently uncommon in the building sector as hardwood species are not sufficiently covered by European standards for timber structures. In addition to this, lower material yields and increased tool wear are common in hardwood processing. Furthermore, grading hardwood species comes with major difficulties, leading to even lower yields and an assignment to strength classes worth improving, as only parts of the material can properly be assigned to strength classes. To substitute the board-based grading approach we produced a semi-finished product, “strip-like lamination” (SLL). Preselected, low-grade sawn hardwood from European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and oak (Quercus spp.) was used as raw material for the SLLs. Each lamination consists of multiple “strips”, stemming from different hardwood boards, mitigating the strength-limiting effect of various wood characteristics in these SLLs. This work provides the first comprehensive mechanical performance profile for SLLs from beech and oak including the finger joint performance. Furthermore, we show the extent of the desired homogenization of the raw material through non-destructive testing. The mechanical properties of beech SLLs exceed the requirements for European softwood strength classes. The results show great potential for SLLs in structural applications. SLLs should complement strength-graded structural timber in structural glued wood products, like glued laminated timber (GLT) and cross-laminated timber (CLT).

硬木条状薄片的机械性能
欧盟正在推动提高建筑行业中木质材料的份额。因此,提供足够数量的高质量木材是一个主要问题。气候驱动的森林转换导致中欧森林中阔叶树的比例不断增加。硬木品种的使用目前在建筑部门并不常见,因为欧洲木结构标准没有充分涵盖硬木品种。除此之外,较低的材料产量和增加的工具磨损是常见的硬木加工。此外,对硬木树种进行分级有很大的困难,导致更低的产量和值得改进的强度等级分配,因为只有部分材料可以适当地分配到强度等级。为了替代基于板的分级方法,我们生产了一种半成品,“带状层压”(SLL)。从欧洲山毛榉(Fagus sylvatica)和橡木(Quercus spp.)中预先选择的低等级锯硬木作为SLLs的原料。每个层压由多个“条”组成,源于不同的硬木板,减轻了这些sll中各种木材特性的强度限制效应。这项工作为山毛榉和橡树的sll提供了第一个全面的机械性能概况,包括手指关节性能。此外,我们通过无损检测显示了所需原料均质化的程度。山毛榉sll的机械性能超过了欧洲软木强度等级的要求。结果表明,sll在结构应用中具有很大的潜力。sll应补充结构胶合木制品的强度分级结构木材,如胶合层压木材(GLT)和交叉层压木材(CLT)。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 工程技术-材料科学:纸与木材
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
3.80%
发文量
124
审稿时长
6.0 months
期刊介绍: European Journal of Wood and Wood Products reports on original research and new developments in the field of wood and wood products and their biological, chemical, physical as well as mechanical and technological properties, processes and uses. Subjects range from roundwood to wood based products, composite materials and structural applications, with related jointing techniques. Moreover, it deals with wood as a chemical raw material, source of energy as well as with inter-disciplinary aspects of environmental assessment and international markets. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products aims at promoting international scientific communication and transfer of new technologies from research into practice.
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