Utilization of battery analysis methodologies for parametrization and enhancement of an electrochemically approximated simulation model approach for thermal management battery system tests

Roland Lorbeck, Eberhard Schutting
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Abstract

The exact investigation of the thermal management of battery electric vehicles requires the precise simulation of the processes inside the cell. However, there is a broad trade-off between the complexity and manageability of the simulative methodology on the one hand and the necessary spatial accuracy of the simulation result on the other, which is why complex models that describe the cell down to local current densities and diffusion processes are not suitable for this overriding purpose. An equivalent circuit model proves to be the most suitable for the desired objectives. This model reproduces the electrochemical processes by means of an equivalent circuit and simulates the thermal processes through the cell layers to the surface by means of a thermal network model. Such an approach was pursued in the previous work, using various literature references and empirically obtained parameters (Lorbeck and Fruehwirth in Autom Engine Technol 10:2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41104-024-00146-2, 2025). This approach proved to be pragmatic, but it quickly became clear that a more precise method to parameterize the equivalent circuit diagram was required for this specific application. The improved parametrization includes the measurement of several cells in terms of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and open-circuit voltage, which are carried out and processed on site. This method makes it possible to achieve an adapted parametrization relatively quickly by measuring other cells. After carrying out these measurements and integrating the new parameters into the simulation methodology, a validation against measured cells and against the previously used simulation methodology (literature-based, partly empirically determined parameters) could be carried out. Despite the additional effort involved in measuring the cells, the validation speaks in favor of introducing the new simulation methodology, as the accuracy of the predictions and in particular the simulation of transient parts within the cycles has improved. This means that in future, it will be possible to better illuminate and understand various areas of thermal and electrical cell stress that are of interest for the observations. A further validation, which compares different real driving measurements and testbed cycles on cell level with the according simulation data, is planned for 2025 and is currently being analyzed as part of ongoing investigations.

电池分析方法在热管理电池系统测试中的参数化和改进电化学近似模拟模型方法的应用
对纯电动汽车的热管理进行精确的研究需要对电池内部的过程进行精确的模拟。然而,一方面模拟方法的复杂性和可管理性与另一方面模拟结果的必要空间精度之间存在广泛的权衡,这就是为什么描述细胞到局部电流密度和扩散过程的复杂模型不适合这一最重要的目的。一个等效电路模型被证明是最适合的期望目标。该模型通过等效电路再现了电化学过程,并通过热网络模型模拟了从电池层到表面的热过程。在之前的工作中,使用各种文献参考和经验获得的参数(Lorbeck和Fruehwirth在auto Engine Technol 10:2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41104-024-00146-2, 2025),采用了这种方法。这种方法被证明是实用的,但很快就清楚了,对于这个特定的应用程序,需要一种更精确的方法来参数化等效电路图。改进后的参数化包括对几个电池进行电化学阻抗谱和开路电压的测量,并在现场进行处理。这种方法可以通过测量其他细胞相对快速地实现自适应参数化。在进行这些测量并将新参数集成到模拟方法中之后,可以对测量的细胞和先前使用的模拟方法(基于文献,部分经验确定的参数)进行验证。尽管测量细胞需要额外的努力,但由于预测的准确性,特别是循环内瞬态部分的模拟得到了提高,验证表明赞成引入新的模拟方法。这意味着,在未来,它将有可能更好地照亮和理解的热和电细胞应力的各个领域,是感兴趣的观察。进一步的验证,将比较不同的实际驾驶测量和试验台循环在电池水平上与相应的模拟数据,计划于2025年进行,目前正在作为正在进行的研究的一部分进行分析。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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