Quantitative evaluation of fatigue cracks on compressor blades using laser ultrasonic technology under high-temperature conditions

IF 4.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI:10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103402

Jiajian Meng , Enpei Zhao , Xianke Li , Kunyi Liao , Junrong Li , Haomiao Fang , Qiang Han , Shuangwei Ma , Hongwei Zhao , Jianhai Zhang

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Abstract

Turbine blades in aero-engine compressors are frequently exposed to high temperatures and harsh conditions, making them highly susceptible to surface fatigue cracks and even the risk of induced fracture. In this paper, an online monitoring and quantitative assessment method for fatigue cracks in turbine blades under high-temperature environments are developed, utilizing laser ultrasonic technology. It is crucial to recognize that the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in turbine blades with variable curvature remain unclear. To investigate this, two-dimensional curved surface simulation models are constructed using finite element analysis to simulate the propagation of ultrasonic waves in turbine blades with surface cracks. Numerical simulations demonstrate that surface waves excited by pulsed laser sources propagate without significant hindrance in curved structures, showing notable sensitivity to both longitudinal and transverse crack expansions. Thus, the surface wave transmission method is proposed to evaluate crack characteristics. By leveraging the established laser ultrasonic detection system, transmitted surface waves through cracks of varying sizes are captured with high precision. The excellent consistency with finite element simulation results validates the accuracy of experimental measurements. Fitting functions are derived by integrating simulation computations and experimental results to quantitatively evaluate crack depths and widths at 25 °C. In particular, the quantitative assessment of crack sizes at 300 °C is addressed by incorporating high-temperature attenuation coefficient. In addition, laser ultrasonic technology is employed for online monitoring of fatigue evolution damage at 25 °C and 600 °C, validating the effectiveness of the surface wave transmission method. The proposed technology is essential for in-situ monitoring of surface fatigue damage in operational blades under high-temperature conditions.

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高温条件下压气机叶片疲劳裂纹的激光超声定量评价

航空发动机压气机的涡轮叶片经常暴露在高温和恶劣条件下，极易出现表面疲劳裂纹，甚至有诱发断裂的风险。本文利用激光超声技术，研究了高温环境下涡轮叶片疲劳裂纹在线监测与定量评估方法。超声波在变曲率涡轮叶片中的传播特性尚不清楚，认识到这一点至关重要。为此，采用有限元方法建立二维曲面仿真模型，模拟超声波在具有表面裂纹的涡轮叶片中的传播。数值模拟表明，脉冲激光源激发的表面波在弯曲结构中传播无明显阻碍，对纵向和横向裂纹扩展都表现出显著的敏感性。因此，提出了表面波透射法来评价裂纹特征。利用已建立的激光超声检测系统，可以高精度地捕获通过不同尺寸裂纹的透射表面波。与有限元仿真结果的良好一致性验证了实验测量的准确性。通过综合模拟计算和实验结果推导拟合函数，定量评价25℃下的裂纹深度和宽度。特别是，通过纳入高温衰减系数，解决了300°C时裂纹尺寸的定量评估问题。此外，采用激光超声技术对25℃和600℃的疲劳演化损伤进行了在线监测，验证了表面波透射法的有效性。该技术对高温工况下叶片表面疲劳损伤的现场监测至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ndt & E International 工程技术-材料科学：表征与测试

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

9.50%

发文量

121

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： NDT&E international publishes peer-reviewed results of original research and development in all categories of the fields of nondestructive testing and evaluation including ultrasonics, electromagnetics, radiography, optical and thermal methods. In addition to traditional NDE topics, the emerging technology area of inspection of civil structures and materials is also emphasized. The journal publishes original papers on research and development of new inspection techniques and methods, as well as on novel and innovative applications of established methods. Papers on NDE sensors and their applications both for inspection and process control, as well as papers describing novel NDE systems for structural health monitoring and their performance in industrial settings are also considered. Other regular features include international news, new equipment and a calendar of forthcoming worldwide meetings. This journal is listed in Current Contents.