The role of childhood social fragmentation and perceived discrimination on maladaptive core schemas later in life among young adults at clinical high risk for psychosis and healthy comparisons

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.schres.2025.03.023

Anthony Diomino , Qingyue Yuan , Kristin S. Cadenhead , Jean Addington , Carrie E. Bearden , Tyrone D. Cannon , Matcheri Keshavan , Daniel H. Mathalon , Diana O. Perkins , William S. Stone , Elaine F. Walker , Scott W. Woods , Benson S. Ku

{"title":"The role of childhood social fragmentation and perceived discrimination on maladaptive core schemas later in life among young adults at clinical high risk for psychosis and healthy comparisons","authors":"Anthony Diomino , Qingyue Yuan , Kristin S. Cadenhead , Jean Addington , Carrie E. Bearden , Tyrone D. Cannon , Matcheri Keshavan , Daniel H. Mathalon , Diana O. Perkins , William S. Stone , Elaine F. Walker , Scott W. Woods , Benson S. Ku","doi":"10.1016/j.schres.2025.03.023","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Neighborhood social fragmentation during childhood has been linked to the future onset of psychosis and poorer social functioning. Maladaptive core schemas may partly explain this relationship. This study examines whether childhood exposure to area-level social fragmentation is associated with maladaptive core schemas in adulthood and whether perceived discrimination mediates this relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Baseline data were collected from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study 2 (2009–2013). Participants included adults at clinical high-risk for psychosis (<em>N</em> = 84) and healthy comparisons (<em>N</em> = 130). Childhood social fragmentation was derived from 1990 and 2000 U.S. Census data. Lifetime perceived discrimination and brief core schemas were assessed at baseline.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Greater childhood social fragmentation was statistically significantly associated with greater lifetime perceived discrimination (adjusted β = 0.21, 95 % CI: 0.03 to 0.39), which was in turn associated with maladaptive positive-other (adjusted β = −0.21, 95 % CI: −0.35 to −0.07) and negative-self core schemas in adulthood (adjusted β = 0.36, 95 % CI: 0.23 to 0.49). Lifetime perceived discrimination mediated 20.66 % of the relationship between childhood social fragmentation and positive-other schemas, and 35.96 % of the relationship with negative-self schemas.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study, our findings suggest that growing up in areas with greater social fragmentation may contribute to greater lifetime perceived discrimination, which may be linked to greater maladaptive core schemas in adulthood. Further prospective research is needed to explore how social fragmentation across development may impact core schema formation, with potential implications for designing interventions to mitigate maladaptive core schemas and psychopathology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21417,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Pages 71-78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Schizophrenia Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920996425000866","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

Neighborhood social fragmentation during childhood has been linked to the future onset of psychosis and poorer social functioning. Maladaptive core schemas may partly explain this relationship. This study examines whether childhood exposure to area-level social fragmentation is associated with maladaptive core schemas in adulthood and whether perceived discrimination mediates this relationship.

Methods

Baseline data were collected from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study 2 (2009–2013). Participants included adults at clinical high-risk for psychosis (N = 84) and healthy comparisons (N = 130). Childhood social fragmentation was derived from 1990 and 2000 U.S. Census data. Lifetime perceived discrimination and brief core schemas were assessed at baseline.

Results

Greater childhood social fragmentation was statistically significantly associated with greater lifetime perceived discrimination (adjusted β = 0.21, 95 % CI: 0.03 to 0.39), which was in turn associated with maladaptive positive-other (adjusted β = −0.21, 95 % CI: −0.35 to −0.07) and negative-self core schemas in adulthood (adjusted β = 0.36, 95 % CI: 0.23 to 0.49). Lifetime perceived discrimination mediated 20.66 % of the relationship between childhood social fragmentation and positive-other schemas, and 35.96 % of the relationship with negative-self schemas.

Conclusion

In this cross-sectional study, our findings suggest that growing up in areas with greater social fragmentation may contribute to greater lifetime perceived discrimination, which may be linked to greater maladaptive core schemas in adulthood. Further prospective research is needed to explore how social fragmentation across development may impact core schema formation, with potential implications for designing interventions to mitigate maladaptive core schemas and psychopathology.

查看原文本刊更多论文

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Schizophrenia Research 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

8.90%

发文量

429

审稿时长

10.2 weeks

期刊介绍： As official journal of the Schizophrenia International Research Society (SIRS) Schizophrenia Research is THE journal of choice for international researchers and clinicians to share their work with the global schizophrenia research community. More than 6000 institutes have online or print (or both) access to this journal - the largest specialist journal in the field, with the largest readership! Schizophrenia Research''s time to first decision is as fast as 6 weeks and its publishing speed is as fast as 4 weeks until online publication (corrected proof/Article in Press) after acceptance and 14 weeks from acceptance until publication in a printed issue. The journal publishes novel papers that really contribute to understanding the biology and treatment of schizophrenic disorders; Schizophrenia Research brings together biological, clinical and psychological research in order to stimulate the synthesis of findings from all disciplines involved in improving patient outcomes in schizophrenia.