{"title":"Study on the separation of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules using the green solvent NMP","authors":"Chenyang Li , Liqian Zhao , Feihong Guo , Xiaoxiang Jiang , Yuxiu Duan , Wensheng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113453","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar energy, with its advantages of safety, reliability, cleanliness, and wide distribution, has seen a significant increase in photovoltaic (PV) installations. However, this growth has led to a large number of end of life PV modules. The adhesive effect of EVA (ethylene–vinyl acetate) makes it difficult to effectively separate and recycle the various layers of these modules. Therefore, the key to recycling silicon PV modules lies in removing or weakening the adhesive properties of EVA while protecting core components such as silicon from damage, thereby achieving efficient separation and recycling of the layers. This paper proposes a novel green treatment method using N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent for recycling discarded PV modules. Through experimental studies, we investigated the effects of different NMP treatment conditions-including temperature, time, sheet size, and rotor speed-on the reaction rate of EVA. The optimal processing condition was found to be heating at 150 °C for 45 min. Kinetic fittings were performed under various conditions, and parameters were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and contact angle measurements. The mechanism of the reaction between NMP and EVA was analyzed. Finally, experiments were conducted on Commercial PV modules to develop a fundamentally harmless recycling process. A life cycle assessment of this recycling process was also carried out, providing theoretical guidance for future applications of NMP in the treatment of waste silicon PV modules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"293 ","pages":"Article 113453"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Solar Energy","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038092X25002166","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENERGY & FUELS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Solar energy, with its advantages of safety, reliability, cleanliness, and wide distribution, has seen a significant increase in photovoltaic (PV) installations. However, this growth has led to a large number of end of life PV modules. The adhesive effect of EVA (ethylene–vinyl acetate) makes it difficult to effectively separate and recycle the various layers of these modules. Therefore, the key to recycling silicon PV modules lies in removing or weakening the adhesive properties of EVA while protecting core components such as silicon from damage, thereby achieving efficient separation and recycling of the layers. This paper proposes a novel green treatment method using N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent for recycling discarded PV modules. Through experimental studies, we investigated the effects of different NMP treatment conditions-including temperature, time, sheet size, and rotor speed-on the reaction rate of EVA. The optimal processing condition was found to be heating at 150 °C for 45 min. Kinetic fittings were performed under various conditions, and parameters were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and contact angle measurements. The mechanism of the reaction between NMP and EVA was analyzed. Finally, experiments were conducted on Commercial PV modules to develop a fundamentally harmless recycling process. A life cycle assessment of this recycling process was also carried out, providing theoretical guidance for future applications of NMP in the treatment of waste silicon PV modules.
期刊介绍:
Solar Energy welcomes manuscripts presenting information not previously published in journals on any aspect of solar energy research, development, application, measurement or policy. The term "solar energy" in this context includes the indirect uses such as wind energy and biomass