The C@FeCo coaxial composite fibers with enhanced interface polarization and magnetic response toward outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption

Abstract

One-dimensional (1D) carbon-magnetic coaxial composite fibers with remarkable morphological diversity and magnetic anisotropy are important for optimizing magnetic properties and electromagnetic responsiveness. It shows great advantages in promoting electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption, but still faces challenges in revealing the intrinsic mechanism of coaxial fibrous structure in enhancing EMW absorption performance. Herein, the C@FeCo coaxial composite fibers (C@FeCo CCF) are prepared by a combination of coaxial electrospinning and carbonization thermal reduction method. The ferromagnetic fibers uniformly embedded into the core layer of the carbon fibers to form coaxial composite fibers, the coaxial fibrous structure introduces a multitude of heterogeneous interfaces, functional groups and defects, which significantly enriches the loss mechanism and improve the impedance matching, thereby improving the EMW absorbing performance. Ultimately, CCF-0.3 achieves a minimum reflection loss (RL) of -52.99 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.57 GHz, which indicates that the coaxial fibers exhibit great EMW absorption. This coaxial structure facilitates a new perspective of the connection between the design of microstructure and electromagnetic characteristics in carbon fibers. Furthermore, it positions C@FeCo CCF as a highly competitive candidate for EMW absorbing applications.