Grid-based transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation: probing neuromodulatory effect in spinal flexion reflex circuits.

Hyungtaek Kim, Subaryani Soedirdjo, Yu-Chen Chung, Kathryn Gray, Sofia Rita Fernandes, Yasin Y Dhaher
{"title":"Grid-based transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation: probing neuromodulatory effect in spinal flexion reflex circuits.","authors":"Hyungtaek Kim, Subaryani Soedirdjo, Yu-Chen Chung, Kathryn Gray, Sofia Rita Fernandes, Yasin Y Dhaher","doi":"10.1088/1741-2552/adc6bd","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective.</i>Non-invasive spinal stimulation has the potential to modulate spinal excitability. This study explored the modulatory capacity of sub-motor grid-based transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) applied to the lumbar spinal cord in neurologically intact participants. Our objective was to examine the effect of grid spinal stimulation on polysynaptic reflex pathways involving motoneurons and interneurons likely activated by A<i>β</i>/<i>δ</i>fiber-mediated cutaneous afferents.<i>Approach.</i>Stimulation was delivered using two grid electrode montages, generating a net electric field in transverse or diagonal directions. We administered tSCS with the center of the grid aligned with the T10-T11 spinous process. Participants were seated for the 20 min stimulation duration. At 30 min after the cessation of spinal stimulation, we examined neuromodulatory effects on spinal circuit excitability in the tibialis anterior muscle by employing the classical flexion reflex paradigms. Additionally, we evaluated spinal motoneuron excitability using the<i>H</i>-reflex paradigm in the soleus muscle to explore the differential effects of tSCS on the polysynaptic versus monosynaptic reflex pathway and to test the spatial extent of the grid stimulation.<i>Main results.</i>Our findings indicated significant neuromodulatory effects on the flexion reflex, resulting in a net inhibitory effect, regardless of the grid electrode montages. Our data further indicated that the flexion reflex duration was significantly shortened only by the diagonal montage.<i>Significance.</i>Our results suggest that grid-based tSCS may specifically modulate spinal activities associated with polysynaptic flexion reflex pathways, with the potential for grid-specific targeted neuromodulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neural engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974257/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of neural engineering","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/adc6bd","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective.Non-invasive spinal stimulation has the potential to modulate spinal excitability. This study explored the modulatory capacity of sub-motor grid-based transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) applied to the lumbar spinal cord in neurologically intact participants. Our objective was to examine the effect of grid spinal stimulation on polysynaptic reflex pathways involving motoneurons and interneurons likely activated by Aβ/δfiber-mediated cutaneous afferents.Approach.Stimulation was delivered using two grid electrode montages, generating a net electric field in transverse or diagonal directions. We administered tSCS with the center of the grid aligned with the T10-T11 spinous process. Participants were seated for the 20 min stimulation duration. At 30 min after the cessation of spinal stimulation, we examined neuromodulatory effects on spinal circuit excitability in the tibialis anterior muscle by employing the classical flexion reflex paradigms. Additionally, we evaluated spinal motoneuron excitability using theH-reflex paradigm in the soleus muscle to explore the differential effects of tSCS on the polysynaptic versus monosynaptic reflex pathway and to test the spatial extent of the grid stimulation.Main results.Our findings indicated significant neuromodulatory effects on the flexion reflex, resulting in a net inhibitory effect, regardless of the grid electrode montages. Our data further indicated that the flexion reflex duration was significantly shortened only by the diagonal montage.Significance.Our results suggest that grid-based tSCS may specifically modulate spinal activities associated with polysynaptic flexion reflex pathways, with the potential for grid-specific targeted neuromodulation.

基于网格的经皮脊髓刺激:探测脊髓屈曲反射回路的神经调节作用。
目的:无创脊髓刺激具有调节脊髓兴奋性的潜力。本研究探讨了基于亚运动网格的经皮脊髓刺激(tSCS)对神经完整参与者腰椎的调节能力。我们的目的是研究网格脊髓刺激对可能由Aβ/δ纤维介导的皮肤传入神经激活的运动神经元和中间神经元的多突触反射通路的影响。& # xD; & # xD;方法。刺激使用两个栅极蒙太奇,在横向或对角方向上产生净电场。我们使用网格中心与T10-T11棘突对齐的tSCS。参与者坐着接受20分钟的刺激。在脊髓刺激停止30分钟后,我们采用经典的屈曲反射范式检测了神经调节对胫前肌脊髓回路兴奋性的影响。此外,我们利用比目鱼肌的h反射模式评估了脊髓运动神经元的兴奋性,以探索tSCS对多突触和单突触反射通路的不同影响,并测试网格刺激的空间范围。& # xD; & # xD;主要结果。我们的研究结果表明,无论网格电极蒙太奇如何,屈曲反射都有显著的神经调节作用,从而产生净抑制效应。我们的数据进一步表明,仅对角蒙太奇就能显著缩短屈曲反射持续时间。 ; ;我们的结果表明,基于网格的tSCS可能特异性地调节与多突触屈曲反射通路相关的脊柱活动,具有网格特异性靶向神经调节的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信