Rural and urban trends in HIV diagnoses and care outcomes among persons with HIV attributed to injection drug use in the U.S., 2016–2022

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Annals of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI:10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.03.008

Barbara C. Keino PhD, MS , Allison Thomson MPH , Jianmin Li , Kristen L. Hess PhD, MPH, MS

{"title":"Rural and urban trends in HIV diagnoses and care outcomes among persons with HIV attributed to injection drug use in the U.S., 2016–2022","authors":"Barbara C. Keino PhD, MS , Allison Thomson MPH , Jianmin Li , Kristen L. Hess PhD, MPH, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>An increase in injection drug use (IDU) has placed new populations at risk for HIV. Understanding the spatial and temporal patterns of HIV diagnoses and care outcomes is crucial to identify gaps in care for people who inject drugs (PWID).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed CDC's National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) data from 2016 to 2022 to examine regional trends and rural-urban differences in linkage to HIV care within one month and viral suppression within six months of diagnosis among individuals aged 13 and older with HIV attributed to IDU. Rural-urban populations were defined using US Department of Agriculture-Economic Research Service (USDA-ERS) Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC), and trends were assessed using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2016–2022, HIV diagnoses attributed to IDU increased in large rural counties and small to medium urban counties but linkage to care and viral suppression remained unchanged in these areas. Conversely, diagnoses in large urban counties declined while linkage to care and viral suppression increased.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings highlight disparities in HIV diagnoses, linkage to care, and viral suppression across rural and urban areas, emphasizing the need to address these gaps to improve care for PWID and inform public health policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"105 ","pages":"Pages 41-46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of Epidemiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1047279725000572","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose

An increase in injection drug use (IDU) has placed new populations at risk for HIV. Understanding the spatial and temporal patterns of HIV diagnoses and care outcomes is crucial to identify gaps in care for people who inject drugs (PWID).

Methods

We analyzed CDC's National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) data from 2016 to 2022 to examine regional trends and rural-urban differences in linkage to HIV care within one month and viral suppression within six months of diagnosis among individuals aged 13 and older with HIV attributed to IDU. Rural-urban populations were defined using US Department of Agriculture-Economic Research Service (USDA-ERS) Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC), and trends were assessed using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC).

Results

From 2016–2022, HIV diagnoses attributed to IDU increased in large rural counties and small to medium urban counties but linkage to care and viral suppression remained unchanged in these areas. Conversely, diagnoses in large urban counties declined while linkage to care and viral suppression increased.

Conclusions

These findings highlight disparities in HIV diagnoses, linkage to care, and viral suppression across rural and urban areas, emphasizing the need to address these gaps to improve care for PWID and inform public health policies.

查看原文本刊更多论文

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Annals of Epidemiology 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

1.80%

发文量

207

审稿时长

59 days

期刊介绍： The journal emphasizes the application of epidemiologic methods to issues that affect the distribution and determinants of human illness in diverse contexts. Its primary focus is on chronic and acute conditions of diverse etiologies and of major importance to clinical medicine, public health, and health care delivery.