Detection of Anemia in Schoolchildren Aged 6–18 Years With Hematocrit Percentile Charts and the Impact of Economic Status in Southern Brazil

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

American Journal of Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI:10.1002/ajhb.70034

Vanessa Regina Jung, Nikolas Mateus Pereira de Souza, Dhuli Kimberli Abeg da Rosa, João Francisco de Castro Silveira, Cézane Priscila Reuter, Alexandre Rieger

{"title":"Detection of Anemia in Schoolchildren Aged 6–18 Years With Hematocrit Percentile Charts and the Impact of Economic Status in Southern Brazil","authors":"Vanessa Regina Jung, Nikolas Mateus Pereira de Souza, Dhuli Kimberli Abeg da Rosa, João Francisco de Castro Silveira, Cézane Priscila Reuter, Alexandre Rieger","doi":"10.1002/ajhb.70034","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objective</h3>\n \n <p>To generate hematocrit percentile charts for schoolchildren aged 6–18 years and determine the prevalence of anemia by socioeconomic status class in southern Brazil.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>This is a cross-sectional study utilizing data collected between 2014 and 2017 from southern Brazil. The study's sample consists of 4802 schoolchildren, aged 6 to 18 years. The percentile charts for sex-specific hematocrit were developed using the LMS (Lambda-Mu-Sigma) method. The simplified economic classification, based on ABEP criteria, was used to group individuals into A + B (high), C (middle), and D + E (low) income classes. Anemia was defined as hematocrit z-score ≤ −1.96 for age and sex.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Among boys, 58 (2.86%) were anemic, 1955 (94.81%) had normal hematocrit levels, and 48 (2.33%) had high hematocrit. Girls showed a similar pattern, with 73 (2.73%) anemic, 2534 (94.90%) with normal hematocrit, and 63 (2.36%) with high hematocrit. For girls, a higher prevalence of non-anemic hematocrit was observed in class A (39.33%) compared to anemic children (23.28%), with significant standardized residuals. For boys, significant residuals were observed for a higher prevalence of anemic children in the lower socioeconomic class DE (13.79%) compared to non-anemic children (5.18%), and a higher prevalence of non-anemic children in the upper socioeconomic class A (42.63%) compared to anemic children (22.41%).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>The percentile charts generated from hematocrit levels enabled the comparison of anemia prevalence across socioeconomic status classes. A higher prevalence of anemia was found among boys in lower socioeconomic classes, while girls in higher socioeconomic classes showed a lower prevalence of anemia.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":50809,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Human Biology","volume":"37 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajhb.70034","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American Journal of Human Biology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajhb.70034","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ANTHROPOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

To generate hematocrit percentile charts for schoolchildren aged 6–18 years and determine the prevalence of anemia by socioeconomic status class in southern Brazil.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study utilizing data collected between 2014 and 2017 from southern Brazil. The study's sample consists of 4802 schoolchildren, aged 6 to 18 years. The percentile charts for sex-specific hematocrit were developed using the LMS (Lambda-Mu-Sigma) method. The simplified economic classification, based on ABEP criteria, was used to group individuals into A + B (high), C (middle), and D + E (low) income classes. Anemia was defined as hematocrit z-score ≤ −1.96 for age and sex.

Results

Among boys, 58 (2.86%) were anemic, 1955 (94.81%) had normal hematocrit levels, and 48 (2.33%) had high hematocrit. Girls showed a similar pattern, with 73 (2.73%) anemic, 2534 (94.90%) with normal hematocrit, and 63 (2.36%) with high hematocrit. For girls, a higher prevalence of non-anemic hematocrit was observed in class A (39.33%) compared to anemic children (23.28%), with significant standardized residuals. For boys, significant residuals were observed for a higher prevalence of anemic children in the lower socioeconomic class DE (13.79%) compared to non-anemic children (5.18%), and a higher prevalence of non-anemic children in the upper socioeconomic class A (42.63%) compared to anemic children (22.41%).

Conclusion

The percentile charts generated from hematocrit levels enabled the comparison of anemia prevalence across socioeconomic status classes. A higher prevalence of anemia was found among boys in lower socioeconomic classes, while girls in higher socioeconomic classes showed a lower prevalence of anemia.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

巴西南部6-18岁学龄儿童贫血的血细胞比容百分位图检测及经济状况的影响

目的绘制巴西南部6-18岁学龄儿童的红细胞压积百分位数图，确定不同社会经济地位阶层的贫血患病率。这是一项横断面研究，利用2014年至2017年在巴西南部收集的数据。该研究的样本包括4802名6至18岁的小学生。使用LMS （Lambda-Mu-Sigma）方法绘制性别特异性红细胞压积的百分位数图。基于ABEP标准的简化经济分类将个人分为A + B（高），C（中）和D + E（低）三个等级。根据年龄和性别，将红细胞压积z-score≤- 1.96定义为贫血。结果男孩中，贫血58例（2.86%），红细胞压积正常1955例（94.81%），高红细胞压积48例（2.33%）。女孩表现出类似的模式，73例（2.73%）贫血，2534例（94.90%）红细胞压积正常，63例（2.36%）红细胞压积高。对于女孩来说，a类患者非贫血红细胞压积的患病率（39.33%）高于贫血儿童（23.28%），标准化残差显著。对于男孩来说，低社会经济阶层DE的贫血儿童患病率（13.79%）高于非贫血儿童（5.18%），而高社会经济阶层a的非贫血儿童患病率（42.63%）高于贫血儿童（22.41%）。结论由红细胞压积水平生成的百分位图可以比较不同社会经济地位阶层的贫血患病率。社会经济地位较低的男孩患贫血的比率较高，而社会经济地位较高的女孩患贫血的比率较低。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

American Journal of Human Biology 生物-生物学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

13.80%

发文量

124

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Human Biology is the Official Journal of the Human Biology Association. The American Journal of Human Biology is a bimonthly, peer-reviewed, internationally circulated journal that publishes reports of original research, theoretical articles and timely reviews, and brief communications in the interdisciplinary field of human biology. As the official journal of the Human Biology Association, the Journal also publishes abstracts of research presented at its annual scientific meeting and book reviews relevant to the field. The Journal seeks scholarly manuscripts that address all aspects of human biology, health, and disease, particularly those that stress comparative, developmental, ecological, or evolutionary perspectives. The transdisciplinary areas covered in the Journal include, but are not limited to, epidemiology, genetic variation, population biology and demography, physiology, anatomy, nutrition, growth and aging, physical performance, physical activity and fitness, ecology, and evolution, along with their interactions. The Journal publishes basic, applied, and methodologically oriented research from all areas, including measurement, analytical techniques and strategies, and computer applications in human biology. Like many other biologically oriented disciplines, the field of human biology has undergone considerable growth and diversification in recent years, and the expansion of the aims and scope of the Journal is a reflection of this growth and membership diversification. The Journal is committed to prompt review, and priority publication is given to manuscripts with novel or timely findings, and to manuscripts of unusual interest.