Treatment of Textile Wastewater using Biogenic and Chemically Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (FeO-NPs) and their Impact on Seed Germination of Vigna radiata

IF 3.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI:10.1007/s11270-025-07937-9

Fatima Batool, Faisal Mahmood, Ans Mahmood, Tanvir Shahzad, Sabir Hussain

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Abstract

Water and soil receiving discharges from textile industries can have a high concentration of toxic dyes, heavy metals, and other harmful pollutants. Treating that effluent prior to discharge can enhance water quality for agricultural purposes and improve crop nutrition while lowering environmental and human health risks. This study focused on the synthesis of biogenic iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO(B)-NPs) using Conocarpus erectus leaf extract and comparing their catalytic efficiency with chemically synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO(C)-NPs). The UV–Vis spectroscopy showed the absorption peaks of FeO(B)-NPs and FeO(C)-NPs at 273 and 356 nm, respectively. The FT-IR analysis confirmed the attachment of various functional groups on the surface of nanomaterials. The SEM images determined the irregular granular and spherical shape of both FeO-NPs. While XRD analysis confirmed the typical cubic-like crystalline nature of particles with an average size of 29 nm and 43 nm for FeO(B)-NPs and FeO(C)-NPs, respectively. Both FeO-NPs were further used for treatment of synthetic and textile wastewater, significantly reducing TDS, color intensity, sulfate, phosphate, COD and Cr-concentration. However, FeO(B)-NPs showed higher effectiveness than FeO(C)-NPs being more efficient at reducing the impact of wastewater by increasing the photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, Chl b, Total Chl, and Carotenoids) and germination parameters (50% Seed Germination, Germination%, MET, EI and CUE) of Vigna radiata. FeO(B)-NPs enhanced the germination by 42% and chlorophyll content by 89%, as compared to FeO(C)-NPs which resulted an increase of 14% and 86%, respectively, under textile effluent stress. The findings of current study suggest that biosynthesized FeO-NPs have the potential to offer a green solution for the treatment of textile wastewater while reducing the harmful impact of wastewater on seed germination of Vigna radiata, thus promoting sustainable plant growth and increasing crop yield.

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.