Enhanced porosity in marine biomass-derived activated carbon via two-step CO2 activation and acidic decontamination

IF 5.5 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI:10.1007/s42823-024-00833-y

Jueun Choi, Hyeonseok Yi, Toru Kato, Koji Saito, Hiroko Watanabe, Keiko Ideta, Takaaki Shimohara, Jin Miyawaki, Seong-Ho Yoon, Yoong Ahm Kim, Koji Nakabayashi

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Abstract

Marine biomass (MB) is gaining attention as a sustainable and eco-friendly carbon source within the carbon cycle, particularly in regions with extensive coastlines. However, the high content of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) in MB poses challenges in producing functional carbon materials, like activated carbon (AC), with a high specific surface area (SSA). In this study, we employed a two-step CO₂ activation process, coupled with acid treatment, to successfully convert MB into highly porous AC. Preheating followed by nitric acid washing reduced AAEM content from 22.4 to 2.5 wt%, and subsequent atmospheric CO₂ activation produced AC with an SSA of 1700 m²/g and mesopores of 3–5 nm. A further treatment with a mixed acid solution of nitric and acetic acids reduced impurities to below 1.0 wt%. A second pressurized CO₂ activation at 1 MPa yielded AC with an SSA exceeding 2100 m²/g, with mesopores accounting for more than 50% of the total pore volume. This method demonstrates an effective approach to producing high-performance AC from MB for advanced applications.

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来源期刊

Carbon Letters CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

20.00%

发文量

118

期刊介绍： Carbon Letters aims to be a comprehensive journal with complete coverage of carbon materials and carbon-rich molecules. These materials range from, but are not limited to, diamond and graphite through chars, semicokes, mesophase substances, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, carbon blacks, activated carbons, pyrolytic carbons, glass-like carbons, etc. Papers on the secondary production of new carbon and composite materials from the above mentioned various carbons are within the scope of the journal. Papers on organic substances, including coals, will be considered only if the research has close relation to the resulting carbon materials. Carbon Letters also seeks to keep abreast of new developments in their specialist fields and to unite in finding alternative energy solutions to current issues such as the greenhouse effect and the depletion of the ozone layer. The renewable energy basics, energy storage and conversion, solar energy, wind energy, water energy, nuclear energy, biomass energy, hydrogen production technology, and other clean energy technologies are also within the scope of the journal. Carbon Letters invites original reports of fundamental research in all branches of the theory and practice of carbon science and technology.