Enhanced porosity in marine biomass-derived activated carbon via two-step CO2 activation and acidic decontamination

IF 5.5 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI:10.1007/s42823-024-00833-y

Jueun Choi, Hyeonseok Yi, Toru Kato, Koji Saito, Hiroko Watanabe, Keiko Ideta, Takaaki Shimohara, Jin Miyawaki, Seong-Ho Yoon, Yoong Ahm Kim, Koji Nakabayashi

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Abstract

Marine biomass (MB) is gaining attention as a sustainable and eco-friendly carbon source within the carbon cycle, particularly in regions with extensive coastlines. However, the high content of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) in MB poses challenges in producing functional carbon materials, like activated carbon (AC), with a high specific surface area (SSA). In this study, we employed a two-step CO₂ activation process, coupled with acid treatment, to successfully convert MB into highly porous AC. Preheating followed by nitric acid washing reduced AAEM content from 22.4 to 2.5 wt%, and subsequent atmospheric CO₂ activation produced AC with an SSA of 1700 m²/g and mesopores of 3–5 nm. A further treatment with a mixed acid solution of nitric and acetic acids reduced impurities to below 1.0 wt%. A second pressurized CO₂ activation at 1 MPa yielded AC with an SSA exceeding 2100 m²/g, with mesopores accounting for more than 50% of the total pore volume. This method demonstrates an effective approach to producing high-performance AC from MB for advanced applications.

Graphical Abstract

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通过两步CO2活化和酸性去污来增强海洋生物质活性炭的孔隙度

海洋生物质（MB）作为碳循环中的可持续和生态友好型碳源，特别是在拥有广阔海岸线的地区，正受到越来越多的关注。然而，MB中碱金属和碱土金属（AAEMs）的高含量给活性炭（AC）等具有高比表面积（SSA）的功能碳材料的生产带来了挑战。在这项研究中，我们采用了两步CO2活化工艺，结合酸处理，成功地将MB转化为高多孔AC。预热后再进行硝酸洗涤，将AAEM含量从22.4 wt%降低到2.5 wt%，随后的大气CO2活化生产出SSA为1700 m2/g，介孔为3-5 nm的AC。用硝酸和乙酸的混合酸溶液进一步处理，将杂质降低到1.0 wt%以下。第二次加压CO2活化在1 MPa下产生的AC的SSA超过2100 m2/g，中孔占总孔隙体积的50%以上。这种方法证明了一种有效的方法，从MB生产高性能的AC用于高级应用。图形抽象

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Carbon Letters CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

20.00%

发文量

118

期刊介绍： Carbon Letters aims to be a comprehensive journal with complete coverage of carbon materials and carbon-rich molecules. These materials range from, but are not limited to, diamond and graphite through chars, semicokes, mesophase substances, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, carbon blacks, activated carbons, pyrolytic carbons, glass-like carbons, etc. Papers on the secondary production of new carbon and composite materials from the above mentioned various carbons are within the scope of the journal. Papers on organic substances, including coals, will be considered only if the research has close relation to the resulting carbon materials. Carbon Letters also seeks to keep abreast of new developments in their specialist fields and to unite in finding alternative energy solutions to current issues such as the greenhouse effect and the depletion of the ozone layer. The renewable energy basics, energy storage and conversion, solar energy, wind energy, water energy, nuclear energy, biomass energy, hydrogen production technology, and other clean energy technologies are also within the scope of the journal. Carbon Letters invites original reports of fundamental research in all branches of the theory and practice of carbon science and technology.