A Systematic Review on the Application of Bacteria-Based Bioflocculants in Wastewater Treatment: Trends and Future Advances

IF 3.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1007/s11270-025-07902-6

Emadeldeen Ahmed Elrasoul, Ee Ling Yong

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Abstract

Bioflocculants, a sustainable alternative to conventional metal-based flocculants, are gaining attention in wastewater treatment. Following the PRISMA framework, this paper reviews 60 studies to provide comprehensive insights into bioflocculant production. The bacterial species used, their extraction sources, growth mediums, and the factors influencing bioflocculant flocculating activity were discussed. The findings highlighted that industrial-scale application of bioflocculant requires careful control of external factors and optimal operating parameters, such as pH, carbon or nitrogen sources, and cation addition. The interplay between these factors, along with the bioflocculant source, mixing process, and wastewater strength, determine the large-scale applicability of bioflocculant. The main challenge for researchers is providing cost-effective and optimal production conditions to yield the best flocculating activity. This paper aims to guide future research in overcoming these challenges, thereby advancing the field of bioflocculant production and contributing to sustainable wastewater treatment solutions.

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.